Raye, Martha

▪ 1995

      (MARGARET TERESA YVONNE REED), U.S. entertainer (b. Aug. 27, 1916, Butte, Mont.—d. Oct. 19, 1994, Los Angeles, Calif.), established her reputation as an irrepressible comic in a career that encompassed radio shows, theatre, film, and entertaining U.S. troops stationed overseas. Raye began performing at the age of three, when she joined the family vaudeville act. She made her feature film debut in Rhythm on the Range (1936), scoring a success with her rendition of the song "Mr. Paganini." Raye appeared in such films as College Holiday (1936), Waikiki Wedding (1937), Give Me a Sailor (1938), Keep 'Em Flying (1941), and Hellzapoppin (1941). She drew praise for her performance opposite Charlie Chaplin in Monsieur Verdoux (1947), which was widely regarded as her best film. Raye also performed in the theatre, notably as Ginger Rogers' replacement in Hello, Dolly! (1967), and in No, No, Nanette (1972). Raye made few films in her later years, but she continued to work in burlesque shows, nightclubs, radio, and television. On TV she was well known for her "Big Mouth" advertisements for a dental adhesive. For working tirelessly with the United Service Organizations (USO) during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War, she was awarded the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award in 1969. She sued the makers of the film For the Boys (1991), claiming the story line was based on her USO experiences, but the suit was later dismissed. Raye married for the seventh time in 1991; she wed her manager, who was 33 years her junior. In 1993 she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

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