Popper, Sir Karl Raimund

Popper, Sir Karl Raimund
▪ 1995

      Austrian-born British philosopher (b. July 28, 1902, Vienna, Austria-Hungary—d. Sept. 17, 1994, Croydon, Surrey, England), believed that knowledge—particularly scientific knowledge—evolves from individual experience and cannot be verified through inductive reasoning. Popper postulated that since no one can ever observe and verify all possible evidence to prove a scientific hypothesis correct, it is necessary only to discover one observed exception to the hypothesis to prove it false. He rejected as "pseudoscience" any system of beliefs that could not pass this "falsifiability criterion" and that relied on predetermined "laws" of human behaviour. These included logical positivism, metaphysics, Marxism, fascism, and Freudian psychoanalysis. In the 1980s many conservative politicians seized on his contention that government should avoid evil rather than seek social reform by actively pursuing good. Popper was educated at the University of Vienna (Ph.D., 1928) and worked for a time under the psychiatrist Alfred Adler. He first presented his theories in the highly regarded Logik der Forschung (1934; The Logic of Scientific Discovery, 1959). Three years later he immigrated to New Zealand, where he taught philosophy at Canterbury University College, Christchurch, until he accepted a post at the London School of Economics (1945). Popper formally retired in 1969, but he continued to write and lecture in England, the U.S., Australia, and New Zealand. His other principal books include The Open Society and Its Enemies (1945), The Poverty of Historicism (1957), Unended Quest: An Intellectual Autobiography (1976), and A World of Propensities (1990). Popper was knighted in 1965, elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1976, and made a Companion of Honour in 1982.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • POPPER, SIR KARL — (Raimund; 1902–1994), philosopher. Popper was born in Vienna of Jewish parents who had converted to Christianity. In the early 1920s he worked with juvenile delinquents in alfred adler s clinic in Vienna. In 1930 he became a secondary school… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Popper, Sir Karl (Raimund) — born July 28, 1902, Vienna, Austria died Sept. 17, 1994, Croydon, Greater London, Eng. Austrian British philosopher of natural and social science. In The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1934), he rejected the traditional conception of induction,… …   Universalium

  • Popper, Sir Karl (Raimund) — (28 jul. 1902, Viena, Austria–17 sept. 1994, Croydon, Greater London, Inglaterra). Filósofo británico de las ciencias naturales y sociales de origen austríaco. En La lógica de la investigación científica (1934), rechazó la concepción tradicional… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Popper, Sir Karl — ▪ British philosopher in full  Karl Raimund Popper   born July 28, 1902, Vienna, Austria died Sept. 17, 1994, Croydon, Greater London, Eng.       Austrian born British philosopher of natural and social science who subscribed to antideterminist… …   Universalium

  • Sir Karl Raimund Popper — noun British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902 1994) • Syn: ↑Popper, ↑Karl Popper • Hypernyms: ↑philosopher …   Useful english dictionary

  • Karl Raimund Popper — Sir Karl Raimund Popper (* 28. Juli 1902 in Wien; † 17. September 1994 in London) war ein österreichisch britischer Philosoph, der mit seinen Arbeiten zu Erkenntnis und Wissenschaftstheorie, zur Sozial und Geschichtsphilosophie sowie zur… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Karl Raimund Popper — Karl Popper Karl R. Popper Philosophe Occidental XXe siècle Naissance : 28 juillet 1902 (Vienne) Décès : 17 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Popper — (sir Karl Raimund) (1902 1994) philosophe britannique d origine autrichienne. épistémologue, il a défini les critères de démarcation entre science et métaphysique …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Karl Popper — noun British philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902 1994) • Syn: ↑Popper, ↑Sir Karl Raimund Popper • Hypernyms: ↑philosopher * * * Karl… …   Useful english dictionary

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