Nkomo, Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo

Nkomo, Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo
▪ 2000

      Zimbabwean activist and politician (b. June 19, 1917, Semokwe Reserve, Matabeleland, Rhodesia [now Zimbabwe]—d. July 1, 1999, Harare, Zimb.), led his country's prolonged struggle for freedom from white minority control. Although he encouraged black nationalist guerrillas, Nkomo was essentially a diplomat and preferred negotiation to fighting. He attended high school and college in South Africa and, upon returning home, worked for the Rhodesian railway system. By 1951 he was a leader of the black railway workers' union. As black demands for rights found expression in riots and strikes, Nkomo became president (1957) of the African National Congress (ANC). When the ANC was banned, he founded successor organizations, which were also banned in turn. The most important of these organizations was the Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU); the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), a ZAPU splinter group, also became prominent. Under Prime Minister Ian Smith's segregationist rule, Nkomo was detained for more than 10 years, beginning in 1964. When freed, he attempted to negotiate black freedoms with Smith but then left Rhodesia to seek international support for his cause. In 1976 ZAPU and ZANU formed an uneasy alliance under the Patriotic Front banner and with leadership being shared by Nkomo and Robert Mugabe. Once white-ruled Rhodesia became black-ruled Zimbabwe in 1979–80, ZAPU, supported by the minority Ndebele people, lost to ZANU, the party of the majority Shona people, in the country's parliamentary elections. Mugabe, the new prime minister, appointed Nkomo to his Cabinet, but, fearing a coup, he dismissed Nkomo in 1982. The move precipitated five years of bloody battles between Shona and Ndebele people. Mugabe recognized that he could not rule Matabeleland without Nkomo's aid, so he negotiated an agreement (1987) to merge the two parties. The result, at last, was national reconciliation. In 1990 Nkomo became vice president, a post with influence but with limited power.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Nkomo, Joshua (Mqabuko Nyongolo) — born June 19, 1917, Semokwe Reserve, Matabeleland, Rhodesia died July 1, 1999, Harare, Zimb. Zimbabwean (formerly Rhodesian) black nationalist. Nkomo helped lead the guerrilla war against white rule in Rhodesia, but his forces played a less… …   Universalium

  • Nkomo, Joshua (Mqabuko Nyongolo) — (19 jun. 1917, Reserva Semokwe, Matabeleland, Rhodesia–1 jul. 1999, Harare, Zimbabwe). Líder nacionalista de raza negra de Zimbabwe (ex Rhodesia). Ayudó a dirigir la guerra de guerrillas contra el gobierno blanco en Rhodesia, pero sus fuerzas… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Nkomo, Joshua — ▪ Zimbabwean political leader in full  Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo  born June 19, 1917, Semokwe Reserve, Matabeleland, Rhodesia [now Zimbabwe] died July 1, 1999, Harare, Zimbabwe  black nationalist in Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia), who, as… …   Universalium

  • Nkomo — Joshua Nkomo Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (1917 1999) était un homme politique ndebele du Zimbabwe, fondateur du Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU). Joshua Nkomo était le fils de missionnaires chrétiens, enseignants au Matabeleland en… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Nkomo — Nkomo,   Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo, Politiker in Simbabwe, * Semokwe (bei Bulawayo) 19. 6. 1917, ✝ Harare 1. 7. 1999; wurde 1951 Sekretär der schwarzafrikanischen Eisenbahnergewerkschaft. 1957 gründete er den African National Congress (ANC; nicht… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Joshua Nkomo — Dr. Joshua Nkomo BA Photo of Joshua Nkomo Vice President of Zimbabwe …   Wikipedia

  • Joshua — /josh ooh euh/, n. 1. the successor of Moses as leader of the Israelites. Deut. 31:14, 23; 34:9. 2. a book of the Bible bearing his name. Abbr.: Josh. 3. a male given name: from a Hebrew word meaning God is salvation. * * * I Leader of the… …   Universalium

  • Joshua — (as used in expressions) Joshua Gibson Heschel, Abraham Joshua Joshua Tree, parque nacional Lederberg, Joshua Nkomo, Joshua (Mqabuko Nyongolo) Reynolds, Sir Joshua Slocum, Joshua Sondheim, Stephen (Joshua) …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Joshua Nkomo — Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (1917 1999) était un homme politique ndebele du Zimbabwe, fondateur du Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU). Joshua Nkomo était le fils de missionnaires chrétiens, enseignants au Matabeleland en Rhodésie du Sud.… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Joshua Nkomo — Joshua Mqabuko Nyongolo Nkomo (19 de junio de 1917, Reserva Semokwe, Matabeleland, Rodesia 1 de julio de 1999, Harare, Zimbabue) fue un nacionalista negro zimbabuense. Ayudó a liderar la guerra de guerrillas en contra del dominio blanco en… …   Wikipedia Español

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