Bondarchuk, Sergey

▪ 1995

      Soviet film director and actor (b. Sept. 25, 1920, Belozerka, Ukraine—d. Oct. 20, 1994, Moscow, Russia), as one of the most prominent and successful film directors in the U.S.S.R., gained fame for his large-scale battle-filled epics. Bondarchuk had attended a theatre school before his studies were interrupted by World War II. After being discharged from the army in 1946, he enrolled in the acting department at the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography in Moscow, where he studied under Sergey Gerasimov. During Bondarchuk's final year, Gerasimov had the class rehearse a script for a film he was preparing, and Bondarchuk read well enough to be cast in the film, The Young Guard (1948). He went on to gain wide recognition for his performance in the title role in Taras Shevchenko (1951). His depiction of the Ukrainian poet was considered one of his finest performances and won him the title People's Artist of the Soviet Union in 1952. Bondarchuk went on to star in a number of films, including a highly praised Othello (1956). He played a former prisoner of war returning home in a televised version of a short story, but he was so unhappy with the result that he decided to direct a film version himself. The critically acclaimed Destiny of a Man (1959) marked his debut as director and earned him the Lenin Prize in 1960. The theme of war ran through many of the films he directed. Perhaps his best-known work was War and Peace (1967), a four-part epic in which he played the role of Pierre Bezukhov; the film, edited for foreign release, won an Academy Award. The ambitious Waterloo (1970) followed. Bondarchuk joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1970 and the following year became the secretary of the Union of Cinematographers. In later years he became a symbol of conservatism, and in 1986 he was voted out of office. Bondarchuk's last film was Boris Godunov (1986). In 1994 he called for government support of and protection for the Russian film industry.

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