Yazīd I

Yazīd I
born с 645, Arabian Peninsula
died 683, Damascus, Syria

Second caliph (680–683) of the Umayyad dynasty.

He oversaw the events at the Battle of Karbalā (680), which contributed to the eventual split of Islam into Sunnite and Shīʽite sects. He succeeded his father, Muāwiyah I, as caliph, keeping Muāʽwiyah's advisers and retaining most of his policies, while reforming the financial system, adjusting tax policy, and improving the irrigation system of the Damascus oasis. See also fitnah; al-Husayn ibn Alī.

* * *

▪ Umayyad caliph
in full Yazīd Ibn Muʿāwiyah Ibn Abī Sufyān
born c. 645, , Arabia
died 683, Damascus

      second Umayyad caliph (680–683), particularly noted for his suppression of a rebellion led by Ḥusayn, the son of ʿAlī. The death of Ḥusayn at the Battle of Karbalāʾ (680) made him a martyr and made permanent a division in Islām between the party of ʿAlī (the Shīʿites) and the majority Sunnites.

      As a young man Yazīd commanded the Arab army that his father, Muʿāwiyah (Muʿāwiyah I), sent to lay siege to Constantinople. Soon afterward he became caliph, but many of those whom his father had kept in check rebelled against him.

      Although presented in many sources as a dissolute ruler, Yazīd energetically tried to continue the policies of Muʿāwiyah and kept many of the men who had been in his father's service. He strengthened the administrative structure of the empire and improved the military defenses of Syria. The financial system was reformed. He lightened the taxation of some Christian groups and abolished the tax concessions granted to the Samaritans as a reward for aid they had rendered in the days of the Arab conquests. He concerned himself with agricultural matters and improved the irrigation system of the Damascus oasis.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Yazid II — Yazid ben Abd al Malik Religion religions abrahamiques : judaïsme · christianisme · islam …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Yazid II — Yazid bin Abd al Malik or Yazid II (687 724) ( ar. يزيد بن عبد الملك) was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 720 until his death in 724. Muhammad ibn Jarir al Tabari states Yazid came to power on the death of Umar II on February 10, 720 (v. 24, p.… …   Wikipedia

  • Yazīd II — ou ʾAbū Ḫālid Yazīd ibn ʿAbd Al Malik (en arabe : أبو خالد يزيد بن عبد الملك), né en 687 et mort en 724, est le neuvième calife omeyyade. Il succède à son cousin ʿUmar II en 720. Il est le troisième fils de ʿAbd Al Malik à devenir calife.… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Yazid — (arabisch ‏يزيد‎, DMG Yazīd) ist ein arabischer männlicher Vorname.[1] Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Bekannte Namensträger 1.1 Geschichtliche Personen …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Yazid I. — Yazid I. (arabisch ‏يزيد بن معاويه‎, Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiya) (* 644; † 11. November 683) war der zweite Kalif der Umayyaden (680 683). Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Biografie 2 Nachwirkungen 3 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Yazid II. — Yazid II., arabisch ‏يزيد بن عبد الملك‎, DMG Yazīd ibn ʿAbd al Malik, († 26. Januar 724) war der neunte Kalif der Umayyaden (720 724). Yazid II. ibn Abd al Malik trat als Bruder von al Walid I. die Nachfolge von Umar Ibn Abd al Aziz (717… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Yazid II — Yazid bin Abd al Malik o Yazid II (687 724) (en árabe: يزيد بن عبد الملك) era un califa omeya que gobernó a partir del 720 hasta su muerte en 724. El reinado de Yazid II fue golpeado violentamente con conflictos internos y externos. Las numerosas …   Wikipedia Español

  • Yazid I — Infobox Monarch name =Yazid I title =Caliph of the Umayyad dynasty reign =680 – 683 full name =Yazīd ibn Mu‘āwīyah ibn Abu Sufyān predecessor =Muawiya I successor =Muawiya II dynasty =Umayyad father =Muawiya I mother =Maysun date of birth =645… …   Wikipedia

  • Yazid — (Yazi’d) ► Nombre de varios califas omeyas. ► Yazid o Yezid I (¿642 683) Califa omeya en 680 683, hijo y sucesor de Moavia. Reformó el sistema tributario islámico. ► Yazid II (¿690 724) Califa omeya en 720 724. Durante su reinado se inició la… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Yazid II —    Caliph of the Umayyads (qq.v.) from 720 724, remembered for his edict of 721 that ordered the destruction of all images, which he viewed as a form of idolatry. Despite the fact that this decree was issued several years before a similar one by… …   Historical dictionary of Byzantium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”