Stuart, Jeb

Stuart, Jeb
orig. James Ewell Brown Stuart

born Feb. 6, 1833, Patrick county, Va., U.S.
died May 12, 1864, Yellow Tavern, near Richmond, Va.

U.S. army officer.

He graduated from West Point and was an aide to Col. Robert E. Lee in the defeat of John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry. In 1861 he joined the Confederate army, becoming brigadier general of a cavalry brigade. On scouting raids he obtained information on Union troop movements that contributed to Confederate victories at the Seven Days' Battle and the Second Battle of Bull Run; Lee called Stuart the "eyes of the army." As major general, he helped win the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. Before the Battle of Gettysburg, he was instructed by Lee to gather information on Union troop movements; he was delayed on a raid and arrived after the battle had begun. Though criticized for his action, he continued to provide intelligence to Confederate forces. He was mortally wounded in the Confederate defeat at Spotsylvania Courthouse.

* * *

▪ Confederate officer
byname of  James Ewell Brown Stuart  
born Feb. 6, 1833, Patrick county, Va., U.S.
died May 12, 1864, Yellow Tavern, near Richmond, Va.
 Confederate cavalry officer whose reports of enemy troop movements were of particular value to the Southern command during the American Civil War (1861–65).

      An 1854 graduate of the U.S. Military Academy, West Point, N.Y., Stuart resigned his commission to share in the defense of his state when Virginia seceded from the Union (April 1861). At the First Battle of Bull Run (Bull Run, battles of) (called First Manassas by the South) that July, he distinguished himself by his personal bravery. Later in the year he was promoted to brigadier general and placed in command of the cavalry brigade of the Army of Northern Virginia. Just before the Seven Days' Battle—fought in June 1862 in defense of Richmond—Stuart was sent out by Confederate general Robert E. Lee (Lee, Robert E.) to locate the right flank of the Federal army under General George B. McClellan (McClellan, George B). He not only successfully achieved his mission, but he also rode completely around McClellan's army to deliver his report to Lee. In the next campaign he had the good fortune, in his raid against Federal communications, to bring back a staff document from which Lee was able to discover the strength and position of Federal forces.

      Stuart, promoted to a major general and commander of the cavalry corps, was present at the Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas, August 1862) and again circled the Federal army, returning with 1,200 enemy horses. During the Maryland campaign that followed, he brilliantly defended one of the passes of South Mountain (Crampton's Gap), thus enabling Lee to concentrate his army in time to meet McClellan's attack. By the winter of 1862 Stuart's extraordinary skill as an intelligence officer was fully recognized, and Lee called him the “eyes of the army.”

      At the Battle of Fredericksburg (Fredericksburg, Battle of) (December 1862) Stuart's horse artillery rendered valuable service by checking the Federal attack on General T.J. (“Stonewall”) Jackson's corps. The following May at the Battle of Chancellorsville (Chancellorsville, Battle of), Stuart was appointed by Lee to take command of the 2nd Army Corps after Jackson had been wounded.

      The next campaign at Gettysburg (Gettysburg, Battle of), Pa. (July 1863), was preceded by the cavalry Battle of Brandy Station (June 9), at which for the first time Stuart and his men were met by worthy opposition from the Federal cavalry. The Confederates' northward march to the Potomac River was screened by Stuart's cavalry corps, which held the various approaches on the right flank of the army. Stuart's conduct at Gettysburg was long a subject of controversy. Though ordered by Lee to deploy his cavalry as a screen while also gathering intelligence for the advancing Confederate army, Stuart instead struck off on a raid, was delayed, and arrived at Gettysburg too late to provide Lee with vital information on the positions and movements of the Union forces. When Stuart did rejoin Lee's army at Gettysburg on July 2, the battle had already begun, and his exhausted forces were of little help.

      Throughout the winter of 1863–64 Stuart continued to supply the Confederate command with accurate knowledge of Northern troop movements. But soon after the opening of the 1864 campaign his corps was drawn away from Lee's army by General Philip Sheridan's Federal cavalry forces. In attempting to keep the enemy from reaching Richmond, during the engagement generally known as Spotsylvania Courthouse, Stuart's army met defeat (May 11), and he himself was mortally wounded at close range the next day.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Stuart, Jeb — orig. James Ewell Brown Stuart (6 feb. 1833, cond. Patrick, Va., EE.UU.–12 may. 1864, Yellow Tavern, cerca de Richmond, Va.). Oficial de ejército estadounidense. Egresó de West Point y fue ayudante del cnel. Robert E. Lee en la derrota de la… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Stuart (Name) — Stuart ist ein Vorname und Familienname. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Varianten 2 Bekannte Namensträger 2.1 Familienname 2.2 Vorname …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jeb Stuart — ist der Name folgender Personen: Jeb Stuart (1833–1864), General der amerikanischen Südstaaten Armee, siehe James Ewell Brown Stuart Jeb Stuart (Drehbuchautor) (* 1956), US amerikanischer Drehbuchautor, Produzent und Regisseur Jeb Stuart Adams (* …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jeb Stuart (scenariste) — Jeb Stuart (scénariste) Pour les articles homonymes, voir Jeb Stuart et Stuart. Jeb Stuart est un producteur, réalisateur et scénariste américain né en 1961 en Caroline du Nord (États Unis). Sommaire 1 Biographie …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jeb stuart (scénariste) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Jeb Stuart et Stuart. Jeb Stuart est un producteur, réalisateur et scénariste américain né en 1961 en Caroline du Nord (États Unis). Sommaire 1 Biographie …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Jeb Stuart (scénariste) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Jeb Stuart et Stuart. Jeb Stuart est un producteur, réalisateur et scénariste américain né en 1961 en Caroline du Nord (États Unis). Sommaire 1 Biographie 2 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Stuart — /stooh euhrt, styooh /, n. 1. a member of the royal family that ruled in Scotland from 1371 to 1714 and in England from 1603 to 1714. 2. Charles Edward ( the Young Pretender or Bonnie Prince Charlie ), 1720 80, grandson of James II. 3. Also,… …   Universalium

  • Stuart — VER Estuardo * * * (as used in expressions) Blackett (de Chelsea), Patrick M(aynard) S(tuart), barón Bute, John Stuart, 3 conde de John Stuart Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir Stuart Davis, Stuart Stuart, Stewart James Francis Edward Stuart… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Jeb Stuart (Drehbuchautor) — Jeb Stuart (* 21. Januar 1956 in Little Rock, Arkansas) ist ein US amerikanischer Drehbuchautor, Filmregisseur und produzent. Bekanntheit erlangte er vor allem durch sein Drehbücher zu international bekannten Filmen wie Stirb langsam, Lock Up –… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Jeb Stuart Magruder — (1970) Jeb Stuart Magruder (* 5. November 1935 in New York City) ist ein US amerikanischer Politiker und Autor. Er war in die Watergate Affäre verwickelt. Inhaltsverzeichnis …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”