- Hall, Charles Martin
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born Dec. 6, 1863, Thompson, Ohio, U.S.died Dec. 27, 1914, Daytona Beach, Fla.U.S. chemist.He attended Oberlin College, where, soon after graduating in 1885, he discovered the method of producing aluminum by electrolysis (simultaneously with Paul Héroult), an innovation that brought the metal into wide commercial use. Supported by the Mellon family, he formed the Pittsburgh Reduction Co. (later Alcoa). The need for cheap and plentiful power led the company to Niagara Falls, where in 1895 it became the first customer for Niagara's new power plant.
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▪ American chemistborn Dec. 6, 1863, Thompson, Ohio, U.S.died Dec. 27, 1914, Daytona Beach, Fla.American chemist who discovered the electrolytic method of producing aluminum (aluminum processing), thus bringing the metal into wide commercial use.While a student at Oberlin (Oberlin College) (Ohio) College Hall became interested in producing aluminum inexpensively. He continued to use the college laboratory after his graduation in 1885, discovering his method eight months later. Paul-Louis-Toussaint Héroult of France independently discovered the identical process at about the same time.After several failures to interest financial backers, Hall obtained the support of the Mellon family, and the Pittsburgh Reduction Company (later the Aluminum Company of America) was formed. In 1890 he became its vice president. By 1914 his process had brought the cost of aluminum down to 18 cents a pound. Hall was a generous benefactor of his college, bequeathing Oberlin more than $5,000,000.* * *
Universalium. 2010.
