urinary bladder

urinary bladder
Anat., Zool.
a distensible, muscular and membranous sac, in which the urine is retained until it is discharged from the body. Also called bladder.
[1720-30]

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▪ human anatomy
 in most vertebrates, except birds, organ for the temporary storage of urine from the kidneys (kidney), connected to the kidneys by means of tubular structures called ureters (ureter). A urinary bladder is present in fish as an expansible part of the urinary duct, in amphibians and bladder-possessing reptiles (Sphenodon, turtles, most lizards) as a pocket in the cloaca. In mammals it is a greatly expandible muscular sac. The bladder of an average adult human is uncomfortably distended at a volume of around 350 millilitres (1/3 quart) of urine.

      In placental mammals a special duct, the urethra, leads from the urinary bladder to the exterior; it fulfills the excretory function of the more primitive cloaca. In females the urethra is separate from the genital tract. In males the vas deferens (sperm-carrying tubes) empty into the urethra, and both urine and semen pass through the urethra to reach the exterior.

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Universalium. 2010.

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