tryptophan

tryptophan
/trip"teuh fan'/, n. Biochem.
an essential amino acid, (C8H6N)CH2CH(NH2)COOH, colorless, crystalline, and aromatic, released from proteins by tryptic digestion and a precursor of serotonin. Abbr: Trp; Symbol: W
Also, tryptophane /trip"teuh fayn'/.
[1900-05; trypto- (irreg. comb. form repr. Gk triptós rubbed) + -PHAN(E)]

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One of the essential amino acids.

It is a heterocyclic compound that is found in small amounts in most proteins. It plays an important role in the growth and development of infants and in the biosynthesis of serotonin and niacin (thus, deficiency of niacin or tryptophan can cause pellagra). Its occurrence in milk has been suggested as the reason that drinking milk before bedtime helps people sleep. It is used in medicine and nutrition research, in enriched foods, and as a dietary supplement.

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      an amino acid that is nutritionally important and occurs in small amounts in proteins. It is an essential amino acid, meaning that humans and certain other animals cannot synthesize it and must obtain it from their diets. Infants require greater amounts of tryptophan than adults to ensure normal growth and development. Tryptophan is used by the body to manufacture several important substances, including the neurotransmitter serotonin and the vitamin niacin. Diets poor in tryptophan can lead to pellagra (q.v.), a disease resulting from niacin deficiency; however, this disease is now rare in developed countries. In 1901 the English biochemist Frederick G. Hopkins isolated tryptophan from casein, the major protein found in milk.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • tryptophan — tryptophan. См. триптофан. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Tryptophan — Tryptophan, Abk. Trp, Proteinbaustein, aromatische, für den Menschen essentielle Aminosäure; Ausgangsverbindung für Niacin, Auxin, Indol 3 Essigsäure, Serotonin und Melatonin …   Deutsch wörterbuch der biologie

  • tryptophan — (n.) also tryptophane, complex amino acid, 1890, coined in German from trypto , taken as a comb. form of TRYPTIC (Cf. tryptic) by trypsin, + Gk. phainein to appear (see PHANTASM (Cf. phantasm)). Trypsin (1876), the chief digestive enzyme of… …   Etymology dictionary

  • tryptophan — [trip′tōfān΄trip′tə fan΄] n. [< TRYPT(IC) + O + PHAN(E)] a white, aromatic, crystalline, essential amino acid, C6H4NHCHCCH2CH(NH2)COOH, produced synthetically and in digestion by the action of trypsin on proteins: see AMINO ACID: also… …   English World dictionary

  • Tryptophan — NatOrganicBox name=( S ) 2 Amino 3 (1H indol 3 yl) propionic acid PubChem = 6305 CAS = 73 22 3 SMILES = N [C@@H] (Cc1c2ccccc2n( [H] )c1)C(O)=O C=11 | H=12 | N=2 | O=2 mass=204.225 g/molTryptophan (abbreviated as Trp or W) [cite web | author=IUPAC …   Wikipedia

  • Tryptophan — Strukturformel …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • tryptophan — 2 Amino 3 (3 indolyl)propionic acid; the l isomer is a component of proteins; a nutritionally essential amino acid. t. decarboxylase SYN: aromatic d amino acid decarboxylase. t. desmolase SYN: t. synthase. t. 2,3 dioxygenase an oxidoreductase… …   Medical dictionary

  • Tryptophan — Tryp|to|phan 〈n. 11〉 eine essentielle Aminosäure * * * Tryp|to|phan [↑ Trypsin u. ↑ phan (2)], das; s, e; Symbol (für L T.): Trp, W; Syn.: α Amino 1H indol 3 propionsäure: farblose, bitter schmeckende krist. Verb., Smp. 292 °C. Die für den… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • tryptophan — мед. триптофан (tryptophan)  Аминокислота.  Из нее вырабатывается серотонин. Способствует здоровому сну.  Содержится в рыбе, говядине, индюшатине, твороге, яйцах, соевом белке, картофеле, бананах, чечевице, тыкве. Пища, богатая углеводами, и… …   Универсальный дополнительный практический толковый словарь И. Мостицкого

  • tryptophan — triptofanas statusas T sritis chemija formulė NC₈H₆CH₂CH(NH₂)COOH santrumpa( os) Trp, W atitikmenys: angl. tryptophan rus. триптофан ryšiai: sinonimas – 2 amino 3 (3 indolil)propano rūgštis …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

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