triforium

triforium
—triforial, adj.
/truy fawr"ee euhm, -fohr"-/, n., pl. triforia /-fawr"ee euh, -fohr"-/. Archit.
(in a church) the wall at the side of the nave, choir, or transept, corresponding to the space between the vaulting or ceiling and the roof of an aisle, often having a blind arcade or an opening in a gallery.
[1695-1705; < AL, special use of ML triforium kind of gallery, lit., something with three openings, equiv. to L tri- TRI- + for(is) opening, DOOR + -ium -IUM]

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      in architecture, space in a church above the nave arcade, below the clerestory, and extending over the vaults, or ceilings, of the side aisles. The term is sometimes applied to any second-floor gallery opening onto a higher nave by means of arcades or colonnades, like the galleries in many ancient Roman basilicas or Byzantine churches. The triforium became an integral part of church design during the Romanesque period, serving to light and ventilate the roof space. With the development of the Gothic vaulting system in France, the triforium diminished in size and importance. The cathedrals at Reims (begun 1211) and Amiens (1220–47) both have triforia of little relative height but with rich arcading.

      The more horizontal English Gothic style shows an important development of the triforium as a decorative element (Angel Choir, Lincoln Cathedral, completed 1282), but the gallery is relatively much higher than in France, often almost equaling the pier arcades. By the end of the 13th century the triforium was usually replaced by greatly heightened clerestory windows.

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  • Trifōrium — (lat.), eigentlich Drillingsbogen, eine in gotischen Kirchen in der Dicke der Mittelschiffmauer herumgeführte, auf Säulchen ruhende Galerie (s. Abbildung a b), die anfangs wirklich nach außen geöffnet, später zu rein dekorativem Zweck auf die… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Triforium — (Dreibogen), ein Mauergang der in den mittelalterlichen Domen von basikaler Anlage in der Mittelschiffmauer zwischen den Bogenöffnungen des Seitenschiffes und unter den Fenstern des oberen Lichtgadens hinführt. Durch eine vorgestellte zierliche… …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Triforium — Tri*fo ri*um, n. [LL., fr. L. tri (see {Tri }) + foris, pl. fores, a door.] (Arch.) The gallery or open space between the vaulting and the roof of the aisles of a church, often forming a rich arcade in the interior of the church, above the nave… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Triforium — Triforĭum (mittellat.), Arkade mit dreifacher Öffnung der Bögen [Abb. 1882], in mittelalterlichen Kirchen häufig als Säulchengalerie in der Wand des Mittelschiffs …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • TRIFORIUM — apud Gervalium Dorobern. in Descr. Eccl. Cantuar. porticus est, seu potius porticuli, in modum claustri, species, quae totum aedis sacrae aedificium ambit, eô fine ducta, ut transitum praebeat locum circuire vel lustrare volentibus, in ipso aedis …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • triforium — [trīfôr′ē əm] n. pl. triforia [trīfôr′ēə] [ML < L tri ,TRI + foris,DOOR] a gallery or arcade in the wall above the arches of the nave, choir, or transept of a church …   English World dictionary

  • Triforium — Echtes Triforium in der neogotischen Kirche St. Peter und Paul in Bern Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Definition …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Triforium — Schéma d un triforium (d après Notre Dame de Chartres) Le triforium est un passage étroit aménagé dans l épaisseur des murs au niveau des combles sur les bas côtés de la nef d’une grande église. Utilisé essentiellement en architecture médiévale… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Triforium — A Triforium is a shallow gallery of arches within the thickness of inner wall, which stands above the nave in a Church or Cathedral. It may occur at the level of the clerestory windows, or it may be located as a separate level below the… …   Wikipedia

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