ribose

ribose
/ruy"bohs/, n. Biochem.
a white, crystalline, water-soluble, slightly sweet solid, C5H10O5, a pentose sugar obtained by the hydrolysis of RNA.
[1890-95; < G Ribose, earlier Ribonsäure, equiv. to Ribon (from Arabinose ARABINOSE, by arbitrary rearrangement and shortening) + Säure acid]

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Five-carbon sugar found in RNA.

(In DNA the corresponding sugar is the closely related deoxyribose.) A ribose molecule combined with adenine, guanine, cytosine, or uracil forms a nucleoside; adding a phosphate group forms a nucleotide. The ribose of one nucleotide joins with the phosphate of the next to form the RNA backbone. Ribose phosphates are components of various coenzymes and are used by microorganisms in synthesizing histidine.

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also called  D-ribose,  

      five-carbon sugar found in RNA (ribonucleic acid), where it alternates with phosphate groups to form the “backbone” of the RNA polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases. Ribose phosphates are components of the nucleotide coenzymes and are utilized by microorganisms in the synthesis of the amino acid histidine.

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Universalium. 2010.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Ribose — Structure du D ribose et du L ribose Général Nom IUPAC (2R,3S,4R) 5 (Hydroxymethyl) tetrahydrofuran …   Wikipédia en Français

  • ribose — [ riboz ] n. m. • 1932; de acide ribonique, de arabinose « principe soluble de la gomme arabique », et 1. ose ♦ Biochim. Ose de formule C5H10O5, présent dans l acide ribonucléique. La forme réduite du ribose est le désoxyribose. ● ribose nom… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • ribose — 1892, from Ger. Ribose (1891), shortened and arbitrarily rearranged from English arabinose (c.1880), a sugar which is so called because it is formed from gum arabic …   Etymology dictionary

  • ribose — s. f. [Química] Pentose que entra na composição de ácidos nucleicos.   ‣ Etimologia: alemão Ribose …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • ribose — ribose. См. рибоза. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • ribose — [rī′bōs΄] n. [< Ger rib(onsäure), a tetra hydroxy acid, arbitrarily altered < arabinose,ARABINOSE + säure, acid + OSE1] a pentose sugar, C5H10O5, that is a basic component of RNA, riboflavin, etc …   English World dictionary

  • Ribose — D Ribose …   Wikipedia

  • Ribose — Strukturformel offenkettige Darstellung in der Fischer Projektion Allgemeines …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ribose — Ri|bo|se 〈f. 19; Biochem.〉 Zuckerart mit fünf Sauerstoffatomen, wichtiger Bestandteil der Nukleinsäuren [durch Buchstabenvertauschung zu rib..., ribo... <Arabin „fester Bestandteil des Gummiarabikums“] * * * Ri|bo|se, hier D Ribose [aus… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • ribose — Pentose Pen tose, n. [Penta + ose.] (Chem.) Any of a group of sugars of the formula {C5H10O5}, such as as {arabinose} or {ribose}; so called from the five carbon atoms in the molecule. They are not fermented by yeast. [Webster 1913 Suppl.] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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