residence

residence
/rez"i deuhns/, n.
1. the place, esp. the house, in which a person lives or resides; dwelling place; home: Their residence is in New York City.
2. a structure serving as a dwelling or home, esp. one of large proportion and superior quality: They have a summer residence in Connecticut.
3. the act or fact of residing: during his residence in Spain.
4. the act of living or staying in a specified place while performing official duties, carrying on studies or research, awaiting a divorce, etc.
5. the time during which a person resides in a place: a residence there of five years.
6. the location of the main offices or principal center of business activity of a commercial enterprise, esp. a large corporation, as registered under law.
7. Chem. See residence time.
[1350-1400; ME < MF < ML residentia, equiv. to L resid(ere) to RESIDE + -entia -ENCE]
Syn. 1. habitation, domicile. 1, 2. See house. 2. mansion. 5. stay, abode, sojourn.

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      in anthropology, the location of a domicile, particularly after marriage. Residence has been an important area of investigation because it is a locus where biological (consanguineal) and marital (affinal) forms of kinship combine.

      In traditional cultures, residence practices generally follow established customs. If newlyweds establish a home independent of the location of either set of parents, they are said to establish neolocal residence. If they live with or near the kin of the husband, they follow the rule of patrilocality or virilocal residence; if they live with or near the kin of the wife, the residence is said to be matrilocal or uxorilocal. When the couple alternates between the wife's group and the husband's group, their household arrangements are called bilocal residence.

      These postmarital residence patterns hold even when partners dwell apart much of the time. For instance, among some traditional American Arctic peoples (Arctic), adult men reside in a communal men's house while women and their children reside in smaller individual homes. Similarly, in some traditional South American Indian communities a large men's house is complemented by one or more large houses in which women and their children dwell communally. In such cases, residence is reckoned at the level of the hamlet or village rather than the household.

      Cultures that practice the avunculate, a custom in which children have a special relationship with their mother's brothers, may follow an avunculocal residence system. In such systems, boys leave their natal home during adolescence and join the household of one of their maternal uncles. When the boy marries, his wife joins him as a member of the uncle's residence group. Hence, an avunculocal household might include a senior married couple (or cowives and their husband), their unmarried daughters and preadolescent sons, and the husband's nephews and their wives, preadolescent sons, and daughters. Notably, cultures that practice the avunculate often enjoin cross-cousin marriage, in which one marries the child of one's mother's brother or father's sister. In other words, avunculocal societies encourage pairing between a daughter and her father's nephew.

      Whatever the preferred form of residence, its establishment after marriage signifies the potential severance of old alignments in favour of new ones. When such a move necessitates that one person live with relatives acquired through marriage, the new situation may place him or her at least temporarily at an emotional disadvantage. This is particularly the case when the residence is a considerable distance from the individual's natal home, a situation that may also leave the person at greater risk for psychological or physical abuse. To some extent, marital exchanges such as bridewealth and dowry are intended to protect the person who has to leave the natal residence.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • résidence — [ rezidɑ̃s ] n. f. • 1271; lat. residentia 1 ♦ Séjour effectif et obligatoire en un lieu; obligation de résider. Emploi, charge qui demande résidence. La résidence d un magistrat, d un évêque. Par ext. Durée de ce séjour. ♢ Spécialt Assignation à …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • residence — res·i·dence / re zə dəns/ n 1: the act or fact of living in a place 2 a: the place where one actually lives as distinguished from a domicile or place of temporary sojourn a person can have more than one residence but only one domicile ◇ A… …   Law dictionary

  • residence — Residence. s. f. v. Demeure ordinaire en quelque ville, en quelque païs. Il fait sa residence en tel lieu, c est sa residence ordinaire. Residence, se dit aussi, Du sejour actuel & perpetuel d un Officier, ou d un Beneficier dans le lieu de sa… …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • Residence — Résidence Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Residence — Res i*dence (r?z ? dens), n. [F. r[ e]sidence. See {Resident}.] 1. The act or fact of residing, abiding, or dwelling in a place for some continuance of time; as, the residence of an American in France or Italy for a year. [1913 Webster] The… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • residence — Residence, Assiduitas, cui Desyderium opponitur. Bud. ex Cicerone. Qui doibt residence, Assiduus. B. Qui fait residence, Assiduus sacerdos. B. Obtenir non residence, Redimere assiduum obsequium, vel ministerium, vel functionem, Impetrare gratiam… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • Residence R.T.A. K2 — (Foppolo,Италия) Категория отеля: Адрес: Via Foppelle 42, 24010 Foppolo, Италия …   Каталог отелей

  • Residence 30 — (Бухарест,Румыния) Категория отеля: Адрес: Strada Dristorului 97 119, 031534 Бухарест …   Каталог отелей

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  • residence — ► NOUN 1) the fact of residing somewhere. 2) the place where a person resides; a person s home. 3) the official house of a government minister or other official figure. ● artist (or writer) in residence Cf. ↑writer in residence …   English terms dictionary

  • Residence — (Ханау на Майне,Германия) Категория отеля: 3 звездочный отель Адрес: Krämerstr. 30 34, 63450 Ханау н …   Каталог отелей

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