oxime

oxime
/ok"seem, -sim/, n. Chem.
any of a group of compounds containing the group > C=NOH, produced by the condensation of ketones or aldehydes with hydroxylamine.
[1890-95; OX(YGEN) + IM(ID)E]

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      any of a class of nitrogen-containing organic compounds usually prepared from hydroxylamine and an aldehyde, a ketone, or a quinone. Oximes have the structure XY/C= N−OH, in which X and Y are hydrogen atoms or organic groups derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from an organic compound. Because most oximes are solids with characteristic melting points, they are useful in identifying liquid aldehydes and ketones.

      Oximes can also be made by the action of hydrogen-donating reagents upon certain nitro compounds or by the isomerization of nitroso compounds. The oximes obtained from aldehydes (aldoximes) can be dehydrated to form nitriles. Other useful chemical reactions of oximes include conversion to amines (amine) (by treatment with hydrogen or other reducing substances) and to amides (amide) (by the action of strong acids or of phosphorus pentachloride). A large-scale application of this conversion to amides is the transformation of cyclohexanone oxime to caprolactam, the starting material for nylon 6.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • oxime — oxime …   Dictionnaire des rimes

  • oxime — [ ɔksim ] n. f. • 1890; t. créé en all. 1882; de ox(y) et ime « imide » ♦ Chim. Composé contenant le groupement =N OH et formé par élimination d eau entre l hydroxylamine et un aldéhyde ou une cétone. ● oxime nom féminin Nom générique des… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Oxime —   [Kurzwort], organische Verbindungen mit der allgemeinen Formel RR C=N OH (R und R Alkyl oder Arylrest beziehungsweise Wasserstoff; chemisch Isonitrosoverbindungen), die unter Abspaltung von Wasser aus Aldehyden (Aldoxime) oder Ketonen… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Oxime — Ox ime, n. (Chem.) One of a series of isonitroso derivatives obtained by the action of hydroxylamine on aldehydes or ketones. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Oxime — (Isonitrosoverbindungen), organische Verbindungen, welche die Oximidgruppe (Isonitrosogruppe) N(OH) enthalten. Sie entstehen bei Einwirkung von salpetriger Säure oder Hydroxylamin auf Aldehyde oder Ketone, und man unterscheidet da nach Aldoxime… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • oxime — [äk′sēm΄, äk′sim] n. [< OX + IM(IDE)] any of a series of compounds formed by the action of hydroxylamine on an aldehyde or ketone, in which the oxygen atom of the CHO group of the aldehyde, or of the CO group of the ketone, is replaced by… …   English World dictionary

  • Oxime — An oxime is a chemical compound belonging to the imines, with the general formula R1R2C=NOH, where R1 is an organic side chain and R2 may be hydrogen, forming an aldoxime, or another organic group, forming a ketoxime. O substituted oximes form a… …   Wikipedia

  • Oxime — Allgemeine Formel und Isomerie der Ketoxime: Symmetrisches Ketoxin (links), unsymmetrische Ketoxime (Mitte und rechts). Im (E) Ketoxim (Mitte) und im (Z) Ketoxim (rechts) hat R1 dabei eine höhere CIP Priorität als R2. Die Oximgruppe ist blau… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Oxime — Un oxime est une imine (composé organique azoté) dont l un des atomes de carbone possède un groupement oxime défini par la séquence suivante : Synthèse à partir de cétone et hydroxylamine (cétoxime) ou aldéhyde et hydroxylamine (aldoxime)… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • oxime — /ˈɒksim/ (say okseem) noun any of a group of compounds with the radical :C:NOH (oxime group or oxime radical), prepared by the reaction of ketones or aldehydes with hydroxylamine. {ox(ygen) + im(id)e} …  

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