Moloch

Moloch
/moh"lok, mol"euhk/, n.
1. a deity whose worship was marked by the propitiatory sacrifice of children by their own parents. II Kings 23:10; Jer. 32:35.
2. anything conceived of as requiring appalling sacrifice: the Moloch of war.
3. (l.c.) a spiny agamid lizard, Moloch horridus, of Australian deserts, that resembles the horned lizard.
Also, Molech (for defs. 1, 2).
[ < LL (Vulgate) Moloch < Gk (Septuagint) Móloch < Heb Molekh, var. of melekh king]

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Ancient Middle Eastern deity to whom children were sacrificed.

The laws given to Moses by God expressly forbade the Israelites to sacrifice children to Moloch, as the Egyptians and Canaanites did. A shrine to Moloch outside the walls of Jerusalem was destroyed during the reign of Josiah the reformer.

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▪ ancient god
also spelled  Molech,  

      a deity to whom child sacrifices were made throughout the ancient Middle East. The name derives from combining the consonants of the Hebrew melech (“king”) with the vowels of boshet (“shame”), the latter often being used in the Old Testament as a variant name for the popular god Baal (“Lord”).

      The laws given to Moses by God expressly forbade the Jews to do what was done in Egypt or in Canaan. “You shall not give any of your children to devote them by fire to Moloch, and so profane the name of your God” (Lev. 18:21). Contemporary scholars now debate whether the Hebrews did initiate their children to Moloch by fire or whether the law is a prohibition against the possibility that they might take up this custom.

      Later kings Ahaz (2 Kings 16:3) and Manasseh (2 Kings 21:6), having been influenced by the Assyrians, worshiped Moloch at the hilled site of Topheth, outside the walls of Jerusalem. This site flourished under Manasseh's son King Amon but was destroyed during the reign of Josiah, the reformer. “And he defiled Topheth, which is in the valley of the sons of Hinnom, that no one might burn his son or his daughter as an offering to Moloch” (2 Kings 23:10).

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  • moloch — [ mɔlɔk ] n. m. • 1860; de Moloch, n. du dieu cruel des Ammonites ♦ Zool. Reptile saurien (crassilingues) à corps massif semblable à celui du crapaud, hérissé d épines écailleuses. Des molochs. ● moloch nom masculin (de Moloch, nom propre) Lézard …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Moloch — • A divinity worshipped by the idolatrous Israelites Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Moloch     Moloch     † …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Moloch — ist: Moloch (Religion), biblische Bezeichnung für phönizische kanaanäische Opferriten, die nach der biblischen Überlieferung die Opferung von Kindern durch Feuer vorsahen davon abgeleitet eine gnadenlose, alles verschlingende Macht, im… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Moloch — Sm grausame Macht erw. bildg. (17. Jh.) Entlehnung. Entlehnt aus spl. Moloch, dieses aus gr. Molóch, aus hebr. (ham)moläk, Name eines phönikisch kanaanitischen Gottes, dem Kinderopfer dargebracht wurden. Durch die Verurteilung dieser Riten bei… …   Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache

  • moloch — {{/stl 13}}{{stl 8}}rz. mnż IIb, D. a {{/stl 8}}{{stl 20}} {{/stl 20}}{{stl 12}}1. {{/stl 12}}{{stl 7}} coś wielkiego, przytłaczającego ogromem, skomplikowaniem, budzącego strach przed zgubieniem się, przed całkowitą bezradnością : {{/stl… …   Langenscheidt Polski wyjaśnień

  • Moloch — Mo loch, prop. n. [Heb. molek king.] 1. (Script.) The fire god of the Ammonites in Canaan, to whom human sacrifices were offered; Molech. Also applied figuratively. [1913 Webster] 2. (Zo[ o]l.) A spiny Australian lizard ({Moloch horridus}). The… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Moloch — Canaanite god said to have been propitiated by sacrificing children (Lev. xviii:21), 1661, from L. Moloch, from Gk. Molokh, from Hebrew molekh, from melekh king, altered by the Jews with the vowel points from basheth shame to express their horror …   Etymology dictionary

  • Moloch — Moloch: Der seit dem 17. Jh. gebräuchliche Ausdruck für eine alles verschlingende, grausame Macht geht zurück auf griech. molóch, hebr. molȩk, die Bezeichnung eines ‹Kinder›opfers bei den Puniern und im Alten Testament, die als Name eines Gottes …   Das Herkunftswörterbuch

  • Moloch — [mō′läk΄] n. 1. MOLECH 2. [m ] a spiny, brownish, ant eating Australian lizard ( Moloch horridus) similar to a horned toad but of another family (Agamidae) …   English World dictionary

  • Moloch — 1) ein Götze einiger vorderasiatischer Völkerstämme, wie der Kanaaniter u. Phönizier, bes. Nationalgott der Ammoniter, identificirt mit der Sonne u. hieß bei den Phöniziern Melkarth. Es wurden ihm Menschenopfer (Kinder) gebracht; dargestellt… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Moloch — (»König«), im Alten Testament durchweg mit Artikel » der Molech«, auch Milkom, Stammgott der Ammoniter. Wie allen kanaanäischen Hauptgöttern, dem moabitischen Kemosch, dem phönikischen Baal, wurden auch dem Molech (Melech) zur Abwendung des Zorns …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

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