Luoyang

Luoyang
/lwaw"yahng"/, n. Pinyin.
a city in N Henan province, in E China. 750,000.
Also, Loyang. Formerly, Henan.

* * *

China
Wade-Giles romanization  Lo-yang , formerly  Henanfu 

      city, northwestern Henan sheng (province), east-central China. It was important in history as the capital of nine ruling dynasties and as a Buddhist centre. The contemporary city is divided into an east town and a west town.

      Luoyi (present-day Luoyang) was founded in the mid-11th century BCE at the beginning of the Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BCE), near the present-day west town, as the residence of the imperial kings. It became the Zhou capital in 771 BCE and was later moved to a site northeast of the present-day east town; it was named Luoyang because it was north (yang) of the Luo River, and its ruins are now distinguished as the ancient city of Luoyang.

      The city of the Han (Han dynasty) period (206 BCE–220 CE) was located approximately on the site of the ancient Luoyi but was called Luoyang. This name alternated with the name Henanfu until contemporary times. Luoyang did not become the Han capital until the 1st century CE, at the beginning of the Dong (Eastern) Han period, though its economic importance had been recognized earlier. In 68 CE the Baima (“White Horse Temple”), one of the earliest Buddhist foundations in China, was built about 9 miles (14 km) east of the present-day east town.

      During the 4th century Luoyang changed hands several times between the rulers of Dong (Eastern) Jin (Jin dynasty), Hou (Later) Zhao, and Yan, and it did not prosper again until 495, when it was revived by the Xiaowendi emperor of the Bei (Northern) Wei dynasty (386–534/535). The Bei Wei emperors ordered the construction of cave temples at Longmen (Longmen caves), south of the city. This inaugurated one of the greatest centres of Chinese Buddhism, the surviving sculptures of which are of prime importance to the history of Chinese art; the Longmen complex was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2000. As the eastern capital of the Tang dynasty (618–907), Luoyang was expanded, and the part now constituting the east town was created. After a rebellion in the mid-8th century, however, Luoyang fell into an economic decline that lasted until the mid-20th century. By 1949 Luoyang was so diminished that its population had dwindled to about 75,000.

      However, Luoyang subsequently underwent substantial economic recovery. During the 1950s, with the assistance of the former Soviet Union, several large-scale industrial projects were launched in Luoyang, and it became one of China's major industrial cities. The city has experienced even more-rapid development since the 1980s. It now has flourishing metallurgical, petrochemical, textile, and food-processing industries. Luoyang is also an important local transportation hub. The east-west Longhai rail line, which connects Lianyungang with Lanzhou, and the north-south Jiaozuo-Zhicheng rail line cross at Luoyang. Luoyang airport has scheduled flights to Beijing and other major cities in China.

      Luoyang is also a major cultural centre and is one of the nationally designated historical and cultural cities. Several institutions of higher education are located there, including the Henan University of Science and Technology (1952). The ruins of the former dynastic capitals around the city, as well as the Longmen cave complex and other historic Buddhist temples, are popular tourist attractions. The city is renowned for its peonies, and its annual spring peony exhibition draws many visitors. Pop. (2002 est.) city, 1,059,818; (2007 est.) urban agglom., 1,715,000.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Luòyáng — Luoyang Luòyáng · 洛阳 Pays Chine Statut administratif …   Wikipédia en Français

  • LUOYANG — [LO YANG] Deuxième ville de la province chinoise du Henan (759 700 hab. selon les estimations de 1990), Luoyang est située sur la rive nord de la Luo à environ 60 kilomètres de son confluent avec le fleuve Jaune. C’est au LUOYANG XIe siècle,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Luoyang — Luòyáng · 洛阳 Pays Chine Statut administratif …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Luoyang — (chino simplificado: 洛阳, chino tradicional: 洛陽, pinyin: Luòyáng) es una ciudad de la provincia de Henan en la República Popular China. Tiene más de seis millones de habitantes (2003) y ocupa un área de 15.208 km². Historia Localizada en la… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Luoyang — Luoyang,   Loyang, Lojang, bis 1913 Henan, Stadt in der Provinz Henan, China, am Fluss Lo He, südlich vom mittleren Hwangho in fruchtbarem Lössland, 759 800 Einwohner; Fachhochschule für Landmaschinenbau, Museum für Urgeschichte (u. a.… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Luoyang — (chino simplificado: 洛阳, chino tradicional: 洛陽, pinyin: Luòyáng) es una ciudad de la provincia de Henan en la República Popular China. Tiene más de seis millones de habitantes (2003) y ocupa un área de 15.208 Km2 …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Luoyang — [lə wō′yäŋ′] city in Henan province, EC China, near the Huang He: pop. 1,190,000 …   English World dictionary

  • Luoyang — Loyang redirects here. For the industrial estate in Singapore, see Loyang, Singapore. Luoyang 洛阳   Prefecture level city   洛阳市 …   Wikipedia

  • Luoyang — 34.66112.4 Koordinaten: 34° 40′ N, 112° 24′ O …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Luoyang — 1 Original name in latin Luoyang Name in other language Luoyang, Luoyang Zhen, luo yang, luo yang zhen State code CN Continent/City Asia/Shanghai longitude 34.71081 latitude 119.10702 altitude 4 Population 0 Date 2012 01 16 2 Original name in… …   Cities with a population over 1000 database

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”