Leningrad

Leningrad
/len"in grad'/; Russ. /lyi nyin grddaht"/, n.
a former name (1924-91) of St. Petersburg (def. 1)

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 oblast (province), northwestern Russia. It comprises all the Karelian Isthmus and the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland (Finland, Gulf of) as far west as Narva. It extends eastward along the southern shore of Lake Ladoga and the Svir River as far as Lake Onega. In the north the Karelian Isthmus consists of long, winding morainic hills, separated by hollows with lakes and swamps. In the west-central part of the oblast lies the city of Saint Petersburg (formerly [1924–91] Leningrad). In the centre of the oblast are extensive lowlands, rising in the east to a line of uplands. There are innumerable lakes. The oblast is named after the Soviet leader Vladimir I. Lenin.

      The proximity of the Baltic Sea and the activity of Atlantic climatic depressions make the oblast's climate less cold, but damper and more variable, than that of most of European Russia. Rainfall varies from about 18 to 19 inches (450 to 475 mm) a year in the lowlands to 24 inches (610 mm) on higher ground, with a marked summer maximum. In the oblast's north, east, and centre is swampy forest, or taiga, largely of spruce, pine, and birch. The west has mixed forest; alder and aspen are widespread in the wetter areas. Swamps of peat bog and grass marsh are everywhere, though many have been drained.

      Leningrad oblast's economy is overshadowed by that of Saint Petersburg city and its suburbs, and much of the oblast's industry serves that major metropolitan area. Timberworking, paper, and pulp making are highly developed industries. Along the shores of the Gulf of Finland and Lake Ladoga, fishing is important, with Vyborg and Primorsk the main centres. The oblast's agriculture serves Saint Petersburg's large urban population. Widespread natural pastures form a basis for intensive dairying, many pigs are kept, and poultry farming is carried on throughout the oblast. The arable land is dominated by market gardening and fodder crops. In the north and east, less land is arable, and rye and oats are more widely grown than vegetables. More than 90 percent of the oblast's population is urban. Area 33,200 square miles (85,900 square km). Pop. (2002) 1,669,205; (2006 est.) 1,643,888.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Leningrad — (russ. Ленинград) ist: der Name der russischen Stadt Sankt Petersburg vom 26. Januar 1924 bis zum 6. September 1991 der Name eines Verwaltungsbezirks in Russland, siehe Oblast Leningrad eine russische Skacore Band, siehe Leningrad (Band) ein im… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Leningrad — (homonymie) Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Leningrad peut désigner : Saint Pétersbourg, ville de Russie ; Leningrad, groupe de rock russe. Ce document provient de « Leningrad… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Leningrad — prop. n. A city in the European part of Soviet Russia; the former capital of Russia. The name was formerly {St. Petersburg} and {Petrograd}, and was changed back to {Saint Petersburg} (Sankt Peterburg in Russian) in 1992. Syn: St. Petersburg,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Leningrad — V. Saint Pétersbourg …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Leningrad — [len′in grad΄] (1924 91) for ST. PETERSBURG (Russia) …   English World dictionary

  • Léningrad — Saint Pétersbourg Pour les articles homonymes, voir Saint Pétersbourg (homonymie). Saint Pétersbourg Санкт Петербург …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Leningrad — noun a) name given to the city of Saint Petersburg from the time of Lenins death in 1924 until 1991. b) name of Leningrad oblast, Russia, which excludes Saint Petersburg, the former administrative centre. Syn: Petrograd …   Wiktionary

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