isopropyl alcohol

isopropyl alcohol
a colorless, flammable, water-soluble liquid, C3H8O, produced from propylene by the action of sulfuric acid and hydrolysis: used chiefly in the manufacture of antifreeze and rubbing alcohol and as a solvent. Also called dimethylcarbinol, isopropanol, secondary propyl alcohol.
[1870-75]

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also called  2-propanol 

      one of the most common members of the alcohol family of organic compounds (organic compound). Isopropyl alcohol was the first commercial synthetic alcohol. It is easily synthesized from the reaction of propylene with sulfuric acid, followed by hydrolysis.

      In some cases the hydration of propylene is carried out in one step, using water and a catalyst at high pressure. Isopropyl alcohol is mixed with water for use as a rubbing-alcohol antiseptic. It is also used in aftershave lotions, hand lotions, and other cosmetics (cosmetic). In industry it is used as an inexpensive solvent for cosmetics, drugs (drug), shellacs (shellac), and gums (gum), as well as for denaturing ethanol ( ethyl alcohol). Added to wet gas, it helps to prevent separation and freezing of a water layer. Isopropyl alcohol is easily oxidized to acetone, another important solvent.

Leroy G. Wade, Jr.
 

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • isopropyl alcohol — An isomer of propyl alcohol and a homologue of ethyl alcohol, similar in its properties, when used externally, to the latter, but more toxic when taken internally; used as an ingredient of various cosmetics and of medicinal preparations for… …   Medical dictionary

  • isopropyl alcohol — izopropilo alkoholis statusas T sritis chemija formulė (CH₃)₂CHOH atitikmenys: angl. isopropanol; isopropyl alcohol rus. изопропанол; изопропиловый спирт ryšiai: sinonimas – 2 propanolis …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • isopropyl alcohol — noun Date: 1872 a volatile flammable alcohol C3H8O used especially as a solvent and rubbing alcohol …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • isopropyl alcohol — noun alcohol used as antifreeze or a solvent • Syn: ↑isopropanol • Hypernyms: ↑alcohol …   Useful english dictionary

  • isopropyl alcohol — used in some collections to preserve fish, usually at a concentration of 50% or 55%. Less inflammable than ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and not subject to stringent controls but may clear tissues and decalcify bones …   Dictionary of ichthyology

  • isopropyl alcohol — noun The aliphatic alcohol 2 propanol that is used as a solvent and in many industrial applications. Syn: isopropanol …   Wiktionary

  • isopropyl alcohol — i′sopro′pyl al′cohol n. chem. a colorless, flammable liquid, C3H8O, used in antifreeze and rubbing alcohol and as a solvent • Etymology: 1870–75 …   From formal English to slang

  • isopropyl alcohol — noun Chemistry another term for isopropanol …   English new terms dictionary

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