Ion

Ion
/uy"on/, n.
1. Class. Myth. the eponymous ancestor of the Ionians: a son of Apollo and Creusa who is abandoned by his mother but returns to become an attendant in Apollo's temple at Delphi.
2. (italics) a drama on this subject (415? B.C.) by Euripides.

* * *

Atom or group of atoms with one or more positive or negative electric charges.

Positively charged ions are cations, negatively charged ones anions. Ions are formed when electrons are added to or removed from neutral molecules or other ions, as sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) atoms react to form Na+ and Cl-; when ions combine with other particles, as hydrogen cations (H+) and ammonia (NH3) combine to form ammonium cations (NH4+); or when a covalent bond between two atoms is ruptured in such a way that the resulting particles are charged, as water (H2O) dissociates (see dissociation) into hydrogen and hydroxide ions (H+ and OH-). Many crystalline substances (see crystal) are composed of ions held in regular geometric patterns by the attraction of oppositely charged particles for each other. Ions migrate to the electrode of opposite charge in an electric field and are the conductors of current in electrolytic cells (see electrolysis). Compounds that form ions are called electrolytes. Ions are also formed in gases when heated to very high temperatures or when an electrical discharge passes through them (see plasma).

* * *

      any atom or group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative electrical charges. Positively charged ions are called cations; (cation) negatively charged ions, anions (anion). Ions are formed by the addition of electrons to, or the removal of electrons from, neutral atoms or molecules or other ions; by combination of ions with other particles; or by rupture of a covalent bond between two atoms in such a way that both of the electrons of the bond are left in association with one of the formerly bonded atoms. Examples of these processes include the reaction of a sodium atom with a chlorine atom to form a sodium cation and a chloride anion; the addition of a hydrogen cation to an ammonia molecule to form an ammonium cation; and the dissociation of a water molecule to form a hydrogen cation and a hydroxide anion.

      Many crystalline substances are composed of ions held in regular geometric patterns by the attraction of the oppositely charged particles for each other. Ions migrate under the influence of an electrical field and are the conductors of electric current in electrolytic cells.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Ion — Ion …   Deutsch Wörterbuch

  • ion — ion·i·cism; ion·i·cize; ion·iza·tion; ion·o·gen; ion·o·gen·ic; ion·og·ra·phy; ion·o·pho·re·sis; ion·o·sphere; ion·oxalis; ion·to·pho·re·sis; man·dil·ion; meth·ion·ic; min·ion·ette; noc·to·vis·ion; opin·ion·able; opin·ion·al; opin·ion·at·ed;… …   English syllables

  • ion — [ jɔ̃ ] n. m. • 1840; angl. ion, du gr. ion, p. prés. de ienai « aller » ♦ Chim., phys. Atome ou molécule qui a perdu sa neutralité électrique par acquisition ou perte d un ou de plusieurs électrons. Ions positifs (⇒ cation) , négatifs (⇒ anion) …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • ION — steht für in der Chemie oder Physik ein Atom oder Molekül, das elektrisch geladen ist, siehe Ion eine deutsche Nachsilbe, siehe ion Ion ist ein männlicher Vorname, siehe Ion (Vorname) Ion oder ION sind Namen von Personen, Publikationen,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ion — 〈n. 27; Phys.; Chem.〉 elektr. geladenes Atom, Atomgruppe od. Molekül [<grch. ion, Part. Präs. von ienai „gehen“, eigtl. „wanderndes (Teilchen)“] * * * Ion [ i̯o:n, auch i:ɔn; griech. ión = Gehendes, Wanderndes (iénai = gehen, wandern)], das; s …   Universal-Lexikon

  • ion — IÓN, ioni, s.m. Atom, moleculă sau grupare de atomi care are un exces de sarcină electrică pozitivă sau negativă. [pr.: i on] – Din fr. ion. Trimis de gall, 14.02.2009. Sursa: DEX 98  IARBA SFÂNTULUI IÓN s. v. salvie de Etiopia. Trimis de siveco …   Dicționar Român

  • -ion — ist ein häufiges Suffix beim Substantiv, das der Wortbildung dient. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Herkunft aus dem Lateinischen 2 Herkunft aus dem Griechischen 3 Weblinks …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Iön — IÖN, ónis, Gr. ἸἼων, ωνος, (⇒ Tab. XXV.) des Xuthus und der Kreusa, einer Tochter des Erechtheus, Sohn, Apollod. l. I. c. 7. §. 2. Er dienete diesem seinem Großvater in dem Kriege wider die Eleusinier, als atheniensischer Feldherr und schlug… …   Gründliches mythologisches Lexikon

  • Ion — I on ([imac] [o^]n), n. [Gr. io n, neut, of iw n, p. pr. of ie nai to go.] 1. (Elec. Chem.) an atom or goup of atoms (radical) carrying an electrical charge. It is contrasted with neutral atoms or molecules, and free radicals. Certain compounds,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Ion — Ion: ION  платформа для создания сверхкомпактных ПК от компании NVIDIA. Ion (менеджер окон)  фреймовый оконный менеджер для UNIX подобных операционных систем. Ion (группа) (исп. Íon) ирландская музыкальная группа, основана в 2005… …   Википедия

  • Ion — Sn (ein elektrisch geladenes Teilchen) per. Wortschatz fach. (19. Jh.) Neoklassische Bildung. Neubildung im Englischen (Faraday) zu gr. ión wandernd , dem neutralen PPräs. von gr. iénai gehen, wandern . Die so benannten Teilchen wandern bei der… …   Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen sprache

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”