hydrolase

hydrolase
/huy"dreuh lays', -layz'/, n. Biochem.
an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis. Also called hydrolyst /huy"dreuh list/.
[1920-25; HYDR-1 + -OL1+ -ASE]

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▪ class of enzymes
      any one of a class of more than 200 enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of several types of compounds. Esterases include lipases, which break ester bonds (between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol) in lipids, and phosphatases, which act analogously upon phosphates; a narrower category comprises the nucleases, which are phosphatases that hydrolyze nucleic acids. Glycosidases sever bonds between sugar molecules in carbohydrates. Peptidases hydrolyze peptide bonds (between the carboxylic acid group of one amino acid and the amino group of another) within protein molecules (see proteolytic enzyme). Specific hydrolases also catalyze reactions that break ether (C−O) bonds; carbon–nitrogen (C−N) bonds other than peptide bonds; acid anhydride bonds; carbon–carbon (C−C) bonds; or phosphorus–nitrogen (P−N) bonds.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • hydrolase — [ idrɔlaz ] n. f. • 1899; de hydrol(yse) et ase ♦ Biochim. Enzyme qui catalyse une hydrolyse (ex. pepsine). ● hydrolase nom féminin Enzyme intervenant dans les réactions chimiques de l hydrolyse. hydrolase [idʀɔlaz] n. f. ÉTYM. 1899; …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Hydrolase — Hy dro*lase, n. [Hydrolysis + ase.] 1. (Chem.) an enzyme which causes the splitting of a chemical bond with the addition of the elements of water; a hydrolytic enzyme. Formerly called a {hydrolytic ferment}. Note: There are many known hydrolases …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • hydrolase — [hī′drō lās΄, hī′drōlāz΄] n. any of a class of enzymes that act as catalysts in chemical reactions involving hydrolysis …   English World dictionary

  • Hydrolase — Cristal de lysozyme Les hydrolases constituent une classe d enzymes qui catalysent les réactions d hydrolyse de molécules suivant la réaction générale : R R + H2O ⇌ R OH + R H On y trouve par exemple les estérases, qui hydrolysent les …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Hydrolase — In biochemistry, a hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed the following reaction is a hydrolase::A ndash;B + H2O rarr; A ndash;OH + B ndash;HNomenclatureSystematic names of… …   Wikipedia

  • hydrolase — Hydrolytic Hy dro*lyt ic, a. [Hydro , 1 + Gr. ? to loose.] 1. (Chem.) Tending to remove or separate water; eliminating water. [archaic] [1913 Webster] 2. (Chem.) of, pertaining to, or accompanied by {hydrolysis}. [PJC] Hydrolytic agents, such as… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Hydrolase — Hydrolasen Enzymklassifikation EC, Kategorie …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • hydrolase — hidrolazė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Fermentas, katalizuojantis hidrolizės reakciją. atitikmenys: angl. hydrolase rus. гидролаза …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • hydrolase — noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary, from New Latin hydrolysis + International Scientific Vocabulary ase Date: 1910 a hydrolytic enzyme …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • hydrolase — One of a class of enzymes (EC Class 3) catalysing hydrolysis of a variety of bonds, such as esters, glycosides, peptides …   Dictionary of molecular biology

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