- Hopewell
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/hohp"wel, -weuhl/, n.a city in E Virginia, on the James River. 23,397./hohp"wel, -weuhl/, adj. Archaeol.of or pertaining to an advanced mound-building and agricultural Amerindian culture 100 B.C.-A.D. 400, centered in Ohio and Illinois and characterized by geometric earthworks, many large conical or dome-shaped burial mounds, corded and stamped pottery, ornamental knives and tobacco pipes, and the extensive trading of raw materials and artifacts.Also, Hopewellian.[after Cloud Hopewell, owner (ca. 1890) of a farm in Ross Co., Ohio, on which tumuli characterizing the culture were excavated]
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city, administratively independent of, but located in, Prince George county, southeastern Virginia, U.S. Hopewell is an inland port at the confluence of the James (James River) and Appomattox rivers, 23 miles (37 km) southeast of Richmond. Settlement began in 1613 around a plantation called Bermuda City, but an attack by Indians destroyed the plantation in 1622. A new settlement was erected and named for the ship that brought Hopewell's founder, Frances Eppes, to the area in 1635. Hopewell was the birthplace (1773) of statesman John Randolph (Randolph, John) of Roanoke and Edmund Ruffin, who fired the first shot at Fort Sumter at the start of the American Civil War. Its Appomattox Manor (1635) was shelled by troops led by Benedict Arnold (Arnold, Benedict) during the American Revolution. City Point, later annexed by Hopewell in 1923, served as the headquarters of Civil War General Ulysses S. Grant (Grant, Ulysses S.) (June 1864–April 1865) during the Union siege of nearby Petersburg (Petersburg Campaign).When a munitions plant was established there in 1914, Hopewell's population skyrocketed. Following World War I the city's population declined as wartime production ceased. Modern industries, however, had revitalized the city's economy by the mid-1920s. Today its manufactures include chemicals, ceramics, textiles, and paper products. Fort Lee is nearby. Inc. city, 1916. Pop. (1990) 23,101; (2000) 22,354.* * *
Universalium. 2010.
