Hohhot

Hohhot
/hoh"hoht"/, n.
a city in and the capital of Inner Mongolia, in N China. 700,000.
Also, Huhehot, Huhehaote. Formerly, Kweihwa, Kweisui.

* * *

or Hu-ho-hao-t'e or Huhehot Mongol Kukukhoto

City (pop., 1999 est.: 754,749), capital of Inner Mongolia autonomous region, northern China.

The original Mongol city was an important religious centre for Tibetan Buddhism and later a Muslim trading community. After World War II (1939–45) it developed into an industrial centre with sugar refining, woolens, and an iron and steel industry. Its university (1957) was the first in Inner Mongolia. The city is a regional cultural centre.

* * *

China
Chinese (Pinyin)  Huhehaote , Wade-Giles romanization  Hu-ho-hao-t'e  

      city and (since 1952) provincial capital of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, northern China. The city is a prefecture-level municipality (shi) and the command headquarters of the Inner Mongolia Military Region. It is situated in the upper valley of the Dahei River (a westward-flowing tributary of the Huang He [Yellow River], which it joins on the northern side of that river's great loop) and south of a gap through the Yin Mountains, which average some 5,000 feet (1,500 metres).

      The area was traditionally on the edge of the area settled by Han Chinese, and Hohhot grew up as a frontier trading centre. The original Mongol city Kuku-khoto was founded in the 16th century and was an important religious centre for Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism). In the mid-17th century, at the end of the Ming (Ming dynasty) period (1368–1644), the area began to be settled by Chinese, who farmed the fertile plain and named the city Guihua (meaning “Return to Civilization”). Eventually, in the mid-18th century, a new Chinese city, named Suiyuan, was founded some 2.5 miles (4 km) north of the old one. Later the two cities were combined under the name Guisui, and that city became a considerable frontier market with a large Muslim trading community.

      In 1928, when Suiyuan sheng (province) was established as a part of the policy of bringing Inner Mongolia firmly under Chinese civil administration, the city became the provincial capital. During the Japanese occupation (1937–45) it became the capital of the pro-Japanese autonomous region of Mengjiang. In 1952 it replaced Kalgan (Zhangjiakou) as the provincial capital of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and was renamed Hohhot (Mongolian: “Green City”) in 1954.

      Before World War II, Hohhot was still primarily a trading centre, although its importance had grown rapidly since the completion in 1922 of the railway linking it to Beijing and Tianjin to the southeast and Baotou to the west. It collected the produce of both the pastoral Mongols and the local Chinese farmers. A handicraft industry grew up; leather was processed; and rugs, felt, and clothing were manufactured.

      Originally, the old (Mongol) city was the commercial centre and the new (Chinese) city the administrative and residential area. After World War II the two were completely merged, and the whole grew rapidly, trebling in population in a decade.

      Hohhot also developed into a fairly important industrial centre. Besides grain milling, tanning, oil extraction, and sugar refining from locally grown beets, plants weaving woolen textiles and manufacturing machines have emerged. A construction industry makes its own bricks and tiles, and a medium-sized iron and steel industry has been established. There is also a large industrial chemical plant. During the early years after the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Chinese settlement in Inner Mongolia was checked. By the early 1970s, however, expansion of cultivation to the north of Hohhot had attracted major tractor and diesel engine factories to the city.

      In 1957 Hohhot became the seat of the first university in Inner Mongolia with an important medical and veterinary college. Schools, hospitals, a palace of culture, and theatres have made the city a regional cultural centre. South of the city, by the Dahei River, is the famous “Green Tomb” of Wang Zhaojun, a courtesan sent in 33 BCE by the Han emperor Yuandi (reigned 49/48–33 BCE) to the territory of what is now Inner Mongolia to be the bride of Huhanxie, a Xiongnu chieftain. Pop. (2002 est.) city, 826,354; (2007 est.) urban agglom., 1,726,000.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Hohhot — Hohhot,   Huhehot, Huhehaote, bis 1954 Kueisui, Guisui, Hauptstadt der chinesischen Autonomen Region Innere Mongolei, an der Bahnstrecke Peking Baotou, 1,09 Mio. Einwohner. Um den Bahnhof liegt die Behördenstadt, etwas abseits die alte Stadt mit… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Hohhot — (chino: 呼和浩特, pinyin: Hūhéhàotè) es la capital de la Región Autónoma de Mongolia Interior de la República Popular China desde 1952. Su nombre en mongol significa “Ciudad azul”. Fue fundada en 1580 por Althar Kan. La ciudad era originariamente un… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Hohhot — [hō′hōt′] city in N China: capital of Inner Mongolia: pop. 748,000 …   English World dictionary

  • Hohhot — Infobox Settlement name =Hohhot official name = other name =呼和浩特 native name = nickname = settlement type =Prefecture level city motto = imagesize = 300px image caption =Xinhua Square, Hohhot flag size = image seal size = image shield = shield… …   Wikipedia

  • Hohhot — Hūhéhàotè · 呼和浩特 Localisation de la préfecture de …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Hohhot — Lage der Stadt Hohhot Mongolische Bezeichnung Mongolische Schrift …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Hohhot — 呼和浩特 Hohhot …   Wikipedia Español

  • Hohhot — Original name in latin Hohhot Name in other language Choech Chot, Choech chot, Chch Chot, Chch chot, HET, Hohhot, Hohhot Shi, Hohotas, Hohoto, Hou ho, Hooto, Hu ho hao t e, Hu ho hao t e shih, Hu ho hao t’e, Hu ho hao t’e shih, Huhe Hoter,… …   Cities with a population over 1000 database

  • Hohhot — /ˈhoʊhɒt/ (say hohhot) noun a city in, and capital of, Nei Monggol AR of northern China. Formerly, Huhehot, Kweisui. Also, Huhhot …  

  • Hohhot Black Horse — 呼和浩特黑马 Full name Hohhot Black Horse Sport 呼和浩特黑马体育 Founded 2002 Dissolved 2007 …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”