- hayward
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/hay"wawrd'/, n.an officer having charge of hedges and fences around a town common, esp. to keep cattle from breaking through and to impound stray cattle.
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city, Alameda county, California, U.S. Located 25 miles (40 km) southeast of San Francisco and 15 miles (25 km) south of Oakland, Hayward lies at the eastern terminus of the San Mateo–Hayward Bridge across San Francisco Bay. The city is named for William Hayward, a disappointed gold seeker who arrived in 1851 and opened a hotel there in 1852. The area was originally an Ohlone Indian campsite on grazing lands of Mission San José (established 1797) and later part of Guillermo Castro's Rancho San Lorenzo. Promoted by San Francisco businessmen, Hayward became a livestock and agricultural centre and later turned to manufacturing. Retail businesses and service industries are also important. The city is located on the seismically active Hayward Fault. It is the seat of California State University, East Bay (1957), and a community college (1961). The Hayward Shoreline Interpretive Center features exhibits about the shoreline region, now being restored to marshland. The city's Japanese Gardens are also noteworthy. Inc. 1876. Pop. (1990) 111,498; (2000) 140,030.city, seat (1885) of Sawyer county, northwestern Wisconsin, U.S. It lies on the Namekagon River, in a lake region west of Chequamegon National Forest, about 75 miles (120 km) southeast of Superior. Ojibwa Indians occupied the area when French-Canadian fur traders established posts there in the late 18th century. During the 1880s and '90s, it was a major logging centre, and the community—named for Anthony Judson Hayward, a lumber baron who built a sawmill on the river in 1882—grew with an influx of logging companies and the arrival of the railroad. Although the white pine forests were depleted by 1900, the region's many lakes and streams brought a thriving resort industry.Although there is still some manufacturing of wood products, tourism dominates the city's modern economy. The area, with some 200 lakes, is a particularly popular destination for boating, swimming, fishing, snowmobiling, and cross-country skiing. More than two dozen golf courses and a casino also draw vacationers to the area. Hayward hosts the annual Lumberjack World Championships (July), which commemorate the community's logging history through competitive events such as chopping and log rolling, and the American Birkebeiner cross-country ski race (February), in which thousands of skiers compete. The National Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame, which maintains records of the largest freshwater fish caught in the world, exhibits hundreds of fishing artifacts as well as a four-and-a-half-story fibreglass likeness of a muskellunge (a type of pike), complete with an observation deck in the open jaw. The area's fishing history is celebrated by the annual Musky Festival (June). The Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa reservation lies just southeast of the city. Inc. 1915. Pop. (1990) 1,897; (2000) 2,129.* * *
Universalium. 2010.
