Harappa

Harappa
/heuh rap"euh/, n.
1. a village in Pakistan: site of successive cities of the Indus valley civilization.
2. a Bronze Age culture that flourished in the Indus valley.

* * *

 village on the left bank of a now dry course of the Rāvi River, west-southwest of the town of Sāhiwāl, in the Punjab, in eastern Pakistan. The village stands on an extensive series of mounds in which excavations since 1921 have disclosed the remains of a large city of the Indus civilization (q.v.), in size second only to Mohenjo-daro, which lies about 400 miles (644 km) to the southwest. The English archaeologist Sir John Marshall initiated and directed the original excavations at the site beginning in 1921. His findings pushed back knowledge of Indian prehistory to about 3500 BC.

      The excavations revealed that Harappā was similar in plan to Mohenjo-daro, with a citadel resting on a raised area on the western flank of the town and a grid-plan layout of workers' quarters on the eastern flank. The citadel was fortified by a tall mud-brick rampart that had rectangular salients, or bastions, placed at frequent intervals. Between the citadel and the Rāvi River there existed barracklike blocks of workmen's quarters, along with a series of circular brick floors that were used for pounding grain and two rows of ventilated granary buildings, 12 in all, arranged around a podium. The total floor space of the granaries was more than 9,000 square feet (836 square m), approximating closely that of the Mohenjo-daro granary in its original form. The whole layout, dominated by the citadel as it was, suggests the close administrative control of the food supplies within convenient proximity to the river-highway of the Rāvi. Unfortunately, no intelligible remains survive of the buildings of the citadel or of the main body of the town itself.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Harappa — es un importantísimo yacimiento arqueológico en el Panyab (provincia del noreste de Pakistán). 30°37′50″N 72°52′00″E / 30.63056, 72.866667 …   Wikipedia Español

  • Harappâ — Harappa Aire de la civilisation de la vallée de l Indus. Harapa (Urdu: ہڑپہ, Hindi: हड़प्पा) est un village situé dans l État du Penjab dans le nord du Pakistan à environ 20 km à l ouest de Sahiwal. Ce village est connu du fait du site… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Harappa — (Urdu: Nastaliq|ہڑپہ, Hindi: हड़प्पा) is a city in Punjab, northeast Pakistan, about 35km (22 miles) southwest of Sahiwal.The modern town is located near the former course of the Ravi River and also beside the ruins of an ancient fortified city,… …   Wikipedia

  • Harappa — es una ciudad en Punjab, una provincia ubicada al noreste de Pakistan, situada al costado de un curso del río Ravi, alrededor de 35 km al sudoeste de Sahiwal. La actual ciudad de Harappa está construida a un costado de los restos de la antigua… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Harappa — Industal Harappa ist ein Dorf in Pakistan. Nach diesem Ort wird eine neben dem Dorf liegende historische Stadt am Oberlauf des Indus benannt. Es handelt sich um den namensgebenden Fundort der Harappa (Indus) Kultur. Die Stadt war zwischen etwa… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Harappa — 30°38′N 72°52′E / 30.633, 72.867 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Harappa im Verhältnis zu den Hochkulturen Ägyptens und Mesopotamiens —   Im Jahre 1922 wurden in Britisch Indien bei Forschungen nach weiteren Spuren des Alexanderfeldzuges Überreste einer bis dahin völlig unbekannten Kultur entdeckt. Grabungen in Harappa im Norden des Industals und in Mohenjo Daro in seinem Süden… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Harappa-Kultur — Die Indus Kultur oder Indus Zivilisation, teilweise auch nach Harappa, einem der Hauptausgrabungsplätze am Ravi, Harappa oder Harappa Kultur genannt, war eine der frühesten städtischen Zivilisationen, die sich etwa in den Jahren 2800 v. Chr. bis… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Harappa.com — The site Harappa.com was launched in November 1995. Initially, this site began with 10 pages. Since then, there has been a steady growth in the number of new pages added to the site and by the end of 2007 there were more than 2,000 pages on the… …   Wikipedia

  • Harappa — geographical name locality E Pakistan in Indus Valley between Multan and Lahore; center of a prehistoric civilization …   New Collegiate Dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”