self-evident+proposition
81foundationalism — The epistemological theory that noetic (belief) structures include two types of justified belief: (1) properly basic beliefs, which confer epistemic justification on other beliefs, but do not require it themselves, and (2) properly non basic… …
82Logicism — is one of the schools of thought in the philosophy of mathematics, putting forth the theory that mathematics is an extension of logic and therefore some or all mathematics is reducible to logic.[1] Bertrand Russell and Alfred North Whitehead… …
83Ontological argument — The ontological argument for the existence of God (or simply ontological argument) is an a priori proof for the existence of God. The ontological argument was first proposed by the eleventh century monk Anselm of Canterbury, who defined God as… …
84Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus — is the only book length work published by Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. He wrote it as a soldier and a prisoner of war during World War I. First published in German in 1921 as Logisch Philosophische Abhandlung , it is now widely… …
85Parallel postulate — In geometry, the parallel postulate, also called Euclid s fifth postulate since it is the fifth postulate in Euclid s Elements , is a distinctive axiom in what is now called Euclidean geometry. It states that: If a line segment intersects two… …
86Norm (philosophy) — Norms are concepts (sentences) of practical import, oriented to effecting an action, rather than conceptual abstractions that describe, explain, and express. Normative sentences imply “ought to” types of statements and assertions, in distinction… …
87empiricism — empiricist, n., adj. /em pir euh siz euhm/, n. 1. empirical method or practice. 2. Philos. the doctrine that all knowledge is derived from sense experience. Cf. rationalism (def. 2). 3. undue reliance upon experience, as in medicine; quackery. 4 …
88postulate — postulation, n. postulational, adj. v. /pos cheuh layt /; n. /pos cheuh lit, layt /, v., postulated, postulating, n. v.t. 1. to ask, demand, or claim. 2. to claim or assume the existence or truth of, esp. as a basis for reasoning or arguing. 3.… …
89postulate — pos•tu•late v. [[t]ˈpɒs tʃəˌleɪt[/t]] n. [[t] lɪt, ˌleɪt[/t]] v. lat•ed, lat•ing, n. 1) to claim or assume the existence or truth of, esp. as a basis for reasoning or arguing 2) to ask, demand, or claim 3) to assume without proof, or as self… …
90Coherentism — There are two distinct types of coherentism. One refers to the coherence theory of truth. The other refers to the coherence theory of justification. The coherentist theory of justification characterizes epistemic justification as a property of a… …
