philosophic
41AVERROES° — (Abu al Walid Muhammad ibn Rushd; 1126–1198), qadi, jurist, noted physician, and one of the greatest Islamic philosophers. Averroes, who lived in Spain, is best known as the outstanding commentator of the medieval period on Aristotle s works. He… …
42GOD — IN THE BIBLE The Bible is not a single book, but a collection of volumes composed by different authors living in various countries over a period of more than a millennium. In these circumstances, divergencies of emphasis (cf. Kings with… …
43TRANSLATION AND TRANSLATORS — The earliest Jewish translations, apart from possible examples in the Bible, are the Greek version of the Pentateuch and, later, other books of the Bible, which were made to fill a need in the Greek speaking Jewish community of Alexandria and… …
44Marcus Aurelius — Not to be confused with Aurelian. Marcus Aurelius 16th Emperor of the Roman Empire Bust of Marcus Aurelius in the Glyptothek, Munich …
45Naturalized epistemology — is a collection of philosophic views concerned with the theory of knowledge that emphasize the role of natural scientific methods. This shared emphasis on scientific methods of studying knowledge shifts focus to the empirical processes of… …
46ВУНДТ — (Wiindt) Вильгельм Макс (1832 1920) нем физиолог, психолог и философ. Изучал медицину в Гейдельберге, где позже был доцентом, с 1864 проф. физиологии. Его первая крупная работа “Beitrage zur Theorie der Sinneswahrnehmung” (1859 62)… …
47ЖИЛЬСОН — (Gilson) Этьен Анри (1884 1978) фр. религиозный философ, видный представитель неотомизма, специалист по истории средневековой философии. Главной задачей своего творчества считает возрождение влияния Фомы Аквинского, утверждавшего необходимость… …
48St. Justin Martyr — St. Justin Martyr † Catholic Encyclopedia ► St. Justin Martyr Christian apologist, born at Flavia Neapolis, about A.D. 100, converted to Christianity about A.D. 130, taught and defended the Christian religion in Asia Minor and at Rome …
49CRESCAS (or Cresques), ḤASDAI BEN JUDAH — (c. 1340–winter 1410–11), Catalonian rabbi, philosopher, and statesman. Crescas was born into an old Barcelonan family of rabbis and merchants. He studied Talmud and philosophy there under Rabbi nissim b. reuben gerondi (c. 1310–1376) and… …
50JUDEO-ARABIC LITERATURE — JUDEO ARABIC LITERATURE, written in Arabic by Jews for Jews. It is written in an idiom which is linguistically closer to the spoken form of Arabic than is the idiom used in Muslim literature. It may plausibly be assumed that, prior to the rise of …
