anaphora

—anaphoral, adj.

/euh naf"euhr euh/, n.

1. Also called epanaphora. Rhet. repetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences. Cf. epistrophe (def. 1), symploce.

2. Gram. the use of a word as a regular grammatical substitute for a preceding word or group of words, as the use of it and do in I know it and he does too. Cf. cataphora.

3. (sometimes cap.) Eastern Ch.

a. the prayer of oblation and consecration in the Divine Liturgy during which the Eucharistic elements are offered.

b. the part of the ceremony during which the Eucharistic elements are offered as an oblation.

[1580-90; < LL < Gk: a bringing back, repeating, equiv. to ana- ANA- + -phora, akin to phérein to carry, bring; cf. -PHORE, -PHOROUS]

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▪ rhetoric

      (Greek: “a carrying up or back”), a literary or oratorical device involving the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several sentences or clauses, as in the well-known passage from the Old Testament ( Ecclesiastes 3:1–2) that begins:

For everything there is a season, and a time

for every matter under heaven:

a time to be born, and a time to die;

a time to plant, and a time to pluck up

what is planted; . . .

      Anaphora (sometimes called epanaphora) is used most effectively for emphasis in argumentative prose and sermons and in poetry, as in these lines from Shakespeare's Hamlet: “to die, to sleep / To sleep—perchance to dream.” It is also used to great effect in such poetry as these lines from “My Cat Jeoffry” in Jubilate Agno written by an 18th-century English poet, Christopher Smart: (Smart, Christopher)

For I will consider my Cat Jeoffry.

For he is the servant of the Living God duly

and daily serving him.

For at the first glance of the glory of God in the

East he worships in his way.

For is this done by wreathing his body seven

times round with elegant quickness.

For then he leaps up to catch the musk, which is

the blessing of God upon his prayer. . . .

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