trei-

trei-
Three.
Derivatives include three, trio, testicle, detest, and trinity.
I. Nominative plural form *treyes.
1.
a. three, thrice; thirteen, thirty, from Old English thrīe, thrēo, thrī, three, with its derivatives thrīga, thrīwa, thrice, thrītig, thirty, and thrēotīne, thirteen (-tīne, ten; see dekm̥);
b. trillium, from Old Swedish thrīr, three. Both a and b from Germanic *thrijiz.
2. trey; trammel, trecento, trephine, triumvir, trocar, from Latin trēs, three.
3. triskaidekaphobia, from Greek treis, tris, three.
II. Zero-grade form *tri-.
1. Suffixed form *tri-tyo-.
a.
(i) third, from Old English thrid(d)a, thirdda, third;
(ii) riding2, from Old Norse thridhi, third. Both (i) and (ii) from Germanic *thridjaz, third;
b. tercel, tercet, tertian, tertiary, tierce; sesterce, from Latin tertius, third.
2. Combining form *tri-.
a. tri-, tribe, trio, triple, from Latin tri-, three;
c. Trimurti, from Sanskrit tri-, three.
3. triad, from Greek trias, the number three.
4. trichotomy, from Greek trikha, in three parts.
5. trierarch, from Greek compound triērēs, galley with three banks of oars, trireme (-ērēs, oar; see erə-).
6. Suffixed form *tri-to-. tritium, from Greek tritos, third.
7. Compound form *tri-pl-, “threefold” (*-pl- < combining form *-plo-, -fold; see pel-2). triploblastic, from Greek triploos, triple.
8. Compound form *tri-plek-, “threefold” (*-plek-, -fold; see plek-). triplex, from Latin triplex, triple.
9. Compound form *tri-st-i-, “third person standing by” (-st-, standing; see stā-). testament, testimony, testicle, testis; attest, contest, detest, obtest, protest, testify, from Latin testis, a witness.
10. sitar, teapoy, from Persian si, three.
III. Extended zero-grade form *tris, “thrice.”
1. tern2; terpolymer, from Latin ter, thrice.
2. trisoctahedron, Hermes Trismegistus, from Greek tris, thrice.
3. Suffixed form *tris-no-. trine, trinity, from Latin trīnī, three each.
IV. Suffixed o-grade form *troy-o-. troika, from Russian troje, group of three.
 
[Pokorny trei- 1090.]

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