gʷerə-

gʷerə-
I. gʷerə-1
Heavy. Oldest form *gʷerə₂-.
Derivatives include grave2, grief, aggravate, baritone, guru, brute, and blitzkrieg.
I. Zero-grade form *gʷr̥ə-.
1. Suffixed form *gʷr̥ə-wi-. grave2, gravid, gravimeter, gravitate, gravity, grief, grieve; aggravate, aggrieve, from Latin gravis, heavy, weighty.
2. Suffixed form *gʷr̥ə-u-.
b. guru, from Sanskrit guru-, heavy, venerable.
3. Suffixed form *gʷr̥ə-es-. bar2, baro-; centrobaric, isallobar, isobar, from Greek baros, weight.
4. Possibly *gʷrī̆- in Greek compound *u(d)-bri- (see ud-).
II. Suffixed extended form *gʷrū-to-. brut, brute, from Latin brūtus, heavy, unwieldy, dull, stupid, brutish.
III. Suffixed extended form *gʷrī-g-.
a. brio, from Spanish brio or Provençal briu, vigor, from Celtic *brīg-o-, strength;
b. brig, brigade, brigand, brigantine, from Old Italian briga, strife, from Celtic *brīg-ā-, strife;
c. blitzkrieg, sitzkrieg, from Old High German krēg, chrēg, stubbornness, from Germanic *krīg-.
IV. Suffixed full-grade form *gʷerə-nā-, millstone. quern, from Old English cweorn, quern.
 
[Pokorny 2. gᵘ̯er- 476.]
  II. gʷerə-2
To favor. Oldest form *gʷerə₂-.
1. Suffixed zero-grade form *gʷr̥ə-to-. grace, grateful, gratify, gratis, gratitude, gratuitous, gratuity; agree, congratulate, disgrace, ingrate, ingratiate, maugre, from Latin grātus, pleasing, beloved, agreeable, favorable, thankful, with related suffixed forms *gʷr̥ə-ti-, *gʷr̥ə-t-ā-, *gʷr̥ə-t-olo-.
2. Probably compound zero-grade form *gʷr̥ə-dh(ə)-o-, “he who makes praises” (*-dh(ə)-, to do; see dhē-). bard1, from Welsh bardd and Scottish and Irish Gaelic bard, bard, from Celtic bardo-, bard.
 
[Pokorny 4. gᵘ̯er(ə)- 478.]

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Universalium. 2010.

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