Veríssimo, Érico Lopes

▪ Brazilian author

born Dec. 17, 1905, Cruz Alta, Braz.

died Nov. 28, 1975, Porto Alegre

      novelist, literary historian, and critic whose writings in Portuguese and in English on Brazilian literature introduced readers throughout the world both to the literary currents of modern Brazil and to his country's social order and cultural heritage.

      Born into an old Portuguese family of Rio Grande do Sul, Veríssimo interrupted his schooling because of family financial losses and worked as a clerk in a store and in a bank and as a partner in a pharmacy before becoming assistant editor of a publishing house in Porto Alegre in 1930.

      Veríssimo's first novel, Clarissa (1933), immediately met with critical and popular acclaim; it was followed by a series of best-selling and widely translated novels, including Caminhos cruzados (1935; Crossroads, 1943), Olhai os lírios do campo (1938; Consider the Lilies of the Field, 1947), and O resto é silêncio (1943; The Rest Is Silence, 1946). These novels, unorthodox in technique and use of language, reveal Veríssimo's deep preoccupation with the individual in a changing social structure.

      Fluent in English, Veríssimo taught Brazilian literature in the United States for a time. The series of lectures he gave at the University of California (Berkeley), 1943–44, was published in English in Brazilian Literature: An Outline (1945). He returned to the United States to visit, and he served (1953–56) in Washington, D.C., as director of the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Pan-American Union of the Organization of American States.

      Veríssimo's best known and most ambitious work, the trilogy O tempo e o vento (1949–62; partial Eng. trans., Time and the Wind, 1951), traces the history of a Brazilian family through several generations to the late 20th century. It is perhaps the most faithful portrayal of the gaucho.

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