Pan Tianshou

Pan Tianshou

▪ Chinese artist
Wade-Giles romanization  P'an T'ien-shou 
born March 14, 1897, Ninghai, Zhejiang province, China
died September 5, 1971, Hangzhou

      Chinese painter, art educator, and art theorist who was one of the most important traditional Chinese painters of the 20th century.

      Pan learned literature, painting, and calligraphy as a child in a private school in his village. At 19 his knowledge of Chinese painting was formed when he enrolled at Zhejiang Provincial Teachers' College in Hangzhou, where he studied with the famous scholars and painters Jing Hengyi and Li Shutong. Like most students of the time, Pan participated in student parades and shared the revolutionary spirit of the May Fourth Movement in 1919.

      Pan began his career teaching Chinese painting in 1923, when he moved to Shanghai to accept an assignment. In that same year, he met the 80-year-old master of the Shanghai school, Wu Changshuo, and the two painters became intimate friends. They often discussed painting and calligraphy and Wu gave the younger artist continuous support and encouragement. Pan's style during this period can be traced back to a variety of Chinese masters, including the Ma-Xia tradition of Southern Song, the Wu and Zhe schools of the Ming dynasty, and the Qing master Bada Shanren.

      In 1928 he left Shanghai for Hangzhou to teach at the newly established Hangzhou National Art College. Throughout subsequent decades he would devote himself to teaching at a series of art schools and associations, including the Zhejian Academy of Fine Arts.

      Under the pressure of tremendous Western influences on Chinese painting development, Pan was concerned about the conflicts and interchanges between foreign and traditional elements in Chinese painting. To this end, in 1932 he and his friends set up a traditional Chinese painting society, Bai she (“White Society”), which aimed to develop Chinese painting in the reforming spirit of the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou of the Qing dynasty. He argued that Chinese and Western art were derived from two totally different perspectives and therefore should remain distinct; any compromise between the two would weaken each tradition's unique nature. In his own teaching, he included Chinese traditions of calligraphy, seal carving, and literature. After 1949, art academies of the new China adopted the style of Socialist Realism, and Pan's insistence on the traditional inheritance became unpopular.

      Pan's style took shape in the 1940s and gained full maturity in the mid-1950s. He successfully integrated the traditional subjects of flower-and-bird painting and landscape. Like Wu Changshuo, he applied the aesthetics of calligraphy and seal carving to his painting; but, unlike Wu, he adopted and advanced the forcefulness and heaviness of the Zhe school. His compositions were often dynamic, seeming to balance extreme opposing forces and thus evoking a feeling of danger. His brush was powerful and expressive, inducing a sense of thrill in the viewer.

      In 1962 Pan held an individual exhibition at the newly founded Chinese Art Museum in Beijing, exhibiting 90 works of painting, seal carving, and calligraphy. Soon after the start of the Cultural Revolution in 1965, however, Pan began to be persecuted, and continued to be until his death in 1971.

Q.L. Wan Sophia Law Suk Mun
 

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Pan Tianshou — (Chinese: 潘天寿; Pinyin: Pān Tiānshòu; 1897 1971) was a notable painter and art educator of modern China. Pan was born in Guanzhuang, Ninghai County, Zhejiang Province, and graduated from Zhejiang First Normal School. He followed Wu Changshuo to… …   Wikipedia

  • Pan Gongkai — (Chinese: 潘公凯) (1947 ) [ [http://www.artnet.com/artist/424726698/pan gongkai.html Pan Gongkai] ] , is a renowned Chinese painter, and the current president of the China Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA), Beijing, China. He also was the former… …   Wikipedia

  • History of Chinese art — Chinese art is art that, whether ancient or modern, originated in or is practiced in China or by Chinese artists or performers. Early so called stone age art dates back to 10,000 BC, mostly consisting of simple pottery and sculptures. This early… …   Wikipedia

  • Chinese art — Chinese jade ornament with dragon and phoenix design, late Spring and Autumn Period (722 BC 482 BC) …   Wikipedia

  • Chen Wen Hsi — This is a Chinese name; the family name is Chen (陈). Chen Wen Hsi 陈文希 Born September 9, 1906 Guangdong, China Died …   Wikipedia

  • Lu Yanshao — 陆俨少 (* 1909 in Jiading im heutigen Shanghai; † 1993) war ein Maler. Er genoss eine traditionelle Ausbildung in chinesischer Malerei und war Schüler von Wu Hufan 吴湖帆 (1894–1966) und Feng Chaoran 冯超然 (1894–1968). Des Weiteren besuchte er eine der… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Ningbo — For other uses, see Ningbo (disambiguation). Ningbo 宁波   Sub provincial city   宁波市 …   Wikipedia

  • Ninghai County — (Chinese: 宁海县; Pinyin: Nínghǎi Xiàn) is a county in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province of China, resides at the middle section of East Zhejiang s coastal line, adjoining Hangzhou and Shanghai on the south. It is one of the first regions opening up to the… …   Wikipedia

  • Chang Hong — Joe Chang (chin. 常虹, Cháng Hóng; * 1956 in Shenyang, Volksrepublik China) ist ein chinesischer Zeichentrickregisseur. Leben Chang studierte an der Lu Xun Kunstakademie in der Volksrepublik China und an der Tama Universität in Japan. 1990… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Joe Chang — (chinesisch 常虹 Cháng Hóng; * 1956 in Shenyang, Volksrepublik China) ist ein chinesischer Zeichentrickregisseur. Leben Chang studierte an der Lu Xun Kunstakademie in der Volksrepublik China und an der Tama Universität in Japan. 1990… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”