nuclear model

nuclear model

      any of several theoretical descriptions of the structure and function of atomic nuclei (the positively charged, dense cores of atoms). Each of the models is based on a plausible analogy that correlates a large amount of information and enables predictions of the properties of nuclei.

      Nuclear models can be classified into two main groups. In those of the first group, called independent-particle models, the main assumption is that little or no interaction occurs between the individual particles that constitute nuclei; each proton and neutron moves in its own orbit and behaves as if the other nuclear particles were passive participants. The shell nuclear model (q.v.) and its variations fall into this group.

      In a second group, called strong-interaction, or statistical models, the main assumption is that the protons and neutrons are mutually coupled to each other and behave cooperatively in a way that reflects the short-ranged strong nuclear force between them. The liquid-drop model and compound-nucleus model (qq.v.) are examples of this group.

      Other nuclear models incorporate aspects of both groups, such as the collective model (q.v.), which is a combination of the shell model and the liquid-drop model.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • Nuclear model — A nuclear model is any model that attempts to describe the atomic nucleus. List of known nuclear models:*Alpha particle model *Cluster model *Droplet model *Fermi gas model *Independent Particle model *Interacting boson model *Lattice Gas Model… …   Wikipedia

  • nuclear model — branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. nuclear model vok. Kernmodell, n rus. модель ядра, f; ядерная модель, f pranc. modèle nucléaire, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • shell nuclear model — ▪ physics       description of nuclei of atoms by analogy with the Bohr atomic model of electron energy levels. It was developed independently in the late 1940s by the American physicist Maria Goeppert Mayer (Mayer, Maria Goeppert) and the German …   Universalium

  • alpha-particle nuclear model — alfa dalelių branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. alpha particle model of nucleus; alpha particle nuclear model vok. Alpha Teilchen Kernmodell, n; Alpha Teilchenmodell des Atomkerns, n rus. альфа частичная модель ядра,… …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • statistical nuclear model — statistinis branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. statistical model of nucleus; statistical nuclear model vok. statistisches Kernmodell, n; statistisches Modell des Kerns, n rus. статистическая модель ядра, f pranc.… …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Bohr-Mottelson nuclear model — Boro ir Motelsono branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Bohr Mottelson nuclear model vok. Bohr Mottelsonsches Kernmodell, n rus. ядерная модель Бора Моттельсона, f pranc. modèle de Bohr Mottelson, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Elliott’s nuclear model — Elioto branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Elliott’s nuclear model vok. Elliottsches Kernmodell, n rus. ядерная модель Эллиота, f …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • Nilsson nuclear model — Nilsono branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. Nilsson nuclear model vok. Nilsonsches Kernmodell, n rus. ядерная модель Нильсона, f pranc. modèle du noyau de Nilsson, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • liquid-drop nuclear model — lašelinis branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. liquid drop nuclear model vok. Tröpfchenmodell des Atomkerns, n rus. капельная модель ядра, f pranc. modèle à goutte du noyau, m; modèle de la goutte, m; modèle du noyau de… …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

  • collective nuclear model — kolektyvinis branduolio modelis statusas T sritis fizika atitikmenys: angl. collective nuclear model vok. kollektives Kernmodell, n rus. коллективная модель ядра, f pranc. modèle collectif du noyau, m …   Fizikos terminų žodynas

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