moiré pattern

moiré pattern

 in physics, the geometrical design that results when a set of straight or curved lines is superposed onto another set; the name derives from a French word for “watered.” The effect may be seen by looking through the folds of a nylon curtain of small mesh, or two sheets of graph paper twisted 20 or 30 degrees with respect to one another. If a grating design made of parallel black and white bars of equal width is superposed on an identical grating, moiré fringes will appear as the crossing angle is varied from about one second of arc to about 45°. The pattern will consist of equispaced parallel fringes. If two gratings of slightly different spacing are superposed, “beat” fringes will appear, which shift positions much faster than does the displacement of one grating with respect to the other. This principle is used to measure small displacements in mechanical devices (e.g., comparator). Moiré patterns are useful in representing fluid flow and potential fields. Problems in optics, wave motion, stress analysis, crystallography, mathematics, and the psychology of perception may also be solved. A different kind of moiré pattern results when two families of curves of different colours are superposed: fringes of a third colour are produced.

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Universalium. 2010.

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  • moiré pattern — noun an optical effect formed when one family of curves is superposed on another, the lines of the overlapping figures crossing at an ange less than about 45°; the moiré lines are then the locus of the points of intersection …   Wiktionary

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  • moiré effect — n. Optics. the appearance, when two regularly spaced sets of lines are superimposed, of a new set of lines (moiré pattern) passing through the points where the original lines cross at small angles. [1950 55] * * * moiré effect or moiré pattern… …   Useful english dictionary

  • moiré effect — n. Optics. the appearance, when two regularly spaced sets of lines are superimposed, of a new set of lines (moiré pattern) passing through the points where the original lines cross at small angles. [1950 55] * * * …   Universalium

  • moiré — [mwä rā′, môrā′; môr′ā] adj. [Fr, pp. of moirer, to water < moire: see MOIRE] having a watered, or wavy, pattern, as certain fabrics, stamps, or metal surfaces n. 1. a watered pattern pressed into cloth, etc. with engraved rollers 2. MOIRE …   English World dictionary

  • Moire deflectometry — Moiré Deflectometry is an interferometry technique[1], in which the object to be tested (either phase object or secular surface) is mounted in the course of a collimated beam followed by a pair of transmission gratings placed at a distance from… …   Wikipedia

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