Metellus Macedonicus, Quintus Caecilius
- Metellus Macedonicus, Quintus Caecilius
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▪ Roman general and statesman
died 115 BC
Roman general and statesman who was the first Roman not of noble birth to serve as consul (one of two chief magistrates) and censor (one of two magistrates in charge of the census and the enforcement of public morality).
While a praetor (second highest magistrate) in 148 BC, Metellus deposed Andriscus, usurper of the throne of Macedon. He began organizing Macedonia as a Roman province, but he was called away to fight the
Achaean League before he could finish the task. When he returned to Rome, he was granted a triumph and the name Macedonicus, an unprecedented tribute for a senator of praetorian rank. He was elected one of the two consuls (the highest magistrates) for 143 after two consecutive defeats. As consul he defeated the Celtiberians in northern Spain, although his successor, Quintus Pompeius, complained about the quality of the army handed over to him. In 133 both men were compelled to attend the consul Lucius Furius Philus in Spain as his legates (emissaries). In the same year, he suppressed a slave revolt and opposed the reform program of Tiberius Gracchus (
Gracchus, Tiberius Sempronius). In 131 he and Pompeius were elected censors, marking the first time that both censors were plebeians. (This is noted in the Capitoline
fasti.)
As censor he erected a colonnade surrounding the temples of Jupiter Stator and Juno Regina, the first temples in Rome to be faced with marble. He also delivered a famous speech urging all citizens to marry and have children. He followed his own advice and had seven children. His four sons all became consuls, and two of them were also censors. The three daughters all married into noble families. With his brother Calvus, whose two sons both became consuls and censors, he founded a family dynasty that dominated Roman politics for a generation, until the rise of Gaius Marius (
Marius, Gaius) at the end of the 2nd century BC.
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Universalium.
2010.
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