Meinong, Alexius

Meinong, Alexius

▪ Austrian philosopher and psychologist

born July 17, 1853, Lemberg, Galicia, Austrian Empire [now Lviv, Ukraine]
died Nov. 27, 1920, Graz, Austria

      Austrian philosopher and psychologist remembered for his contributions to axiology, or theory of values, and for his Gegenstandstheorie, or theory of objects.

      After studying under the philosophical psychologist Franz Brentano (Brentano, Franz) from 1875 to 1878 in Vienna, he joined the faculty of philosophy at the University of Graz, where he remained as a professor from 1889 until his death. With Brentano he helped promote the Austrian school of values but eventually dissented from Brentano's views on epistemology.

      In his major work, Über Annahmen (1902; “On Assumptions”), Meinong discussed the assumptions men make in believing they know or do not know a particular truth. Like Brentano, Meinong considered intentionality, or the direction of attention to objects, to be the basic feature of mental states. Yet he drew his own distinction between two elements in every experience of the objective world: “content,” which differentiates one object from another, and “act,” by which the experience approaches its object.

      Anticipating the work of the Phenomenologists, Meinong maintained that objects remain objects and have a definite character and definite properties (Sosein) even if they have no being (Sein). Thus, “golden mountain” is an object existing as a concept, even though no golden mountains exist in the world of sense experience. Bertrand Russell (Russell, Bertrand) was among those influenced by this aspect of Meinong's thought. Like every other type of object knowable by different mental states, values could also be classified as objects existing independently of the experience of values and of the world of sense experience. Two examples of value feeling are Seinsfreude, the experience of joy in the existence of a particular object, and Seinsleid, the experience of sadness at the object's existence.

      Meinong's Gegenstandstheorie is discussed in his Gesammelte Abhandlungen, 2 vol. (1913–14; “Collected Treatises”), and in John N. Findlay, Meinong's Theory of Objects (1933). His other important writings include Über Möglichkeit und Wahrscheinlichkeit (1915; “On Possibility and Probability”) and Über emotionale Präsentation (1917).

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  • Meinong, Alexius von — (1853–1920) Austrian psychologist and philosopher. A pupil of Brentano at the university of Vienna, Meinong taught at Graz from 1882 until his death. He there established a laboratory for experimental psychology, and in the tradition of Brentano… …   Philosophy dictionary

  • Meinong, Alexius, Ritter (knight) von Handschuchsheim — born July 17, 1853, Lemberg, Galicia, Austrian Empire died Nov. 27, 1920, Graz, Austria Austrian philosopher and psychologist. He taught at the University of Graz from 1889 until his death. Like his teacher Franz Brentano, Meinong considered… …   Universalium

  • Meinong, Alexius, Ritter (caballero) von Handschuchsheim — (17 jul. 1853, Lemberg, Galicia, Imperio austríaco–27 nov. 1920, Graz, Austria). Filósofo y psicólogo austríaco. Ejerció la docencia en la Universidad de Graz desde 1889 hasta su muerte. Como su profesor Franz Brentano, Meinong consideraba que la …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Meinong, Alexius von — ► (1853 1920) Filósofo y psicólogo austríaco. Fue el precursor de la teoría de los objetos, que inspiró el neorrealismo contemporáneo …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Alexius Meinong — Ritter von Handschuchsheim (* 17. Juli 1853 in Lemberg; † 27. November 1920 in Graz), österreichischer Philosoph und Psychologe, bekannt vor allem für seine Gegenstandstheorie, die vom Gedankengut seines Lehrers Franz Brentano geprägt ist. A …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Meinong — Alexius Meinong Ritter von Handschuchsheim (* 17. Juli 1853 in Lemberg; † 27. November 1920 in Graz), österreichischer Philosoph und Psychologe, bekannt vor allem für seine Gegenstandstheorie, die vom Gedankengut seines Lehrers Franz Brentano… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Alexius Meinong — (17 juillet 1853 à Lviv 27 novembre 1920 à Graz) est un mathématicien, un théologien et un philosophe autrichien. Il est notamment célèbre pour avoir posé les fondements d une t …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alexius Meinong — Alexius Meinong. Alexius Meinong (17 de julio de 1853 Graz, Austria, 27 de noviembre de 1920) fue un filósofo austríaco. Se lo conoce fundamentalmente por su Teoría de los Objetos (Gegenstandstheorie, 1904) y sus estudios de lógica deóntica,… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Meinong — Meinong,   Alexius, Ritter von Hạndschuchsheim, Philosoph, * Lemberg 17. 7. 1853, ✝ Graz 27. 11. 1920; war seit 1882 Professor in Graz, wo er auch 1894 das erste psychologische Laboratorium in Österreich gründete. Meinong vertrat, ausgehend von… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Meinong — Meinong, Alexius, Philosoph, geb. 17. Juli 1853 zu Lemberg in Galizien, kam als Knabe 1859 nach Wien, wo er von 1870–74, besonders unter Brentanos Leitung, Philosophie studierte und sich 1878 für dieses Fach an der Universität habilitierte. 1882… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

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