Mardonius

Mardonius

▪ Persian general

died 479 BC, Plataea, Boeotia

      Achaemenid general, a nephew of King Darius I and married to Darius' daughter Artazostra. In 492 BC he was sent to succeed the satrap (governor) Artaphernes in Ionia, with a special commission to attack Athens and Eretria. Contrary to the usual Achaemenid policy, he abolished the ruling “tyrants” and restored democracies in Ionia, thereby removing a major source of unrest. He then crossed the Hellespont and invaded Thrace and Macedonia. His fleet was wrecked off Mt. Athos with enormous loss, however, and because of this setback he was deprived of his command.

      According to the Greek historian Herodotus, Mardonius was one of those who encouraged King Xerxes I, Darius' successor, to invade Greece. After the Achaemenid defeat at Salamis he persuaded Xerxes to return to Asia and himself stayed behind with a large army. He unsuccessfully attempted to separate Athens from the other Greek allies, and, withdrawing from Attica, he finally was defeated and killed in battle at Plataea in September 479.

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  • Mardonius — This page is about the historical figure; for the millipede genus, see Mardonius (genus) Mardonius (Persian: Mardoniye, Ancient Greek: Μαρδόνιος; died 479 BC) was a leading Persian military commander during the Persian Wars with Greece in the… …   Wikipedia

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  • Battle of Plataea — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=Battle of Plataea partof=the Persian Wars caption=Map of the battlefield at Plataea date=August 27, 479 BC place=Plataea, Greece result=Decisive Greek victory. territory=Persia loses control of Attica.… …   Wikipedia

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