Kahnweiler, Daniel-Henry

▪ French art dealer and publisher

born June 25, 1884, Mannheim, Germany

died January 11, 1979, Paris, France

      German-born French art dealer and publisher who is best known for his early espousal of Cubism and his long, close association with Pablo Picasso (Picasso, Pablo).

      Trained for a career in finance, Kahnweiler instead chose art and settled in Paris, where he opened a small gallery in 1907. He became interested in the work of several young artists and soon exclusively represented Picasso, Georges Braque (Braque, Georges), André Derain (Derain, André), Maurice de Vlaminck (Vlaminck, Maurice de), Fernand Léger (Léger, Fernand), and Juan Gris (Gris, Juan). He also published books by a number of emerging literary artists, including Guillaume Apollinaire (Apollinaire, Guillaume), André Malraux (Malraux, André), and Antonin Artaud (Artaud, Antonin).

      At the outbreak of World War I, Kahnweiler was not in Paris, and his German citizenship precluded his return. His gallery was closed and its stock confiscated. He returned to Paris in February 1920, and for two unhappy years he watched the government auction his collection. In September 1920 he opened the Galerie Simon, contracting a new group of artists, including the Surrealist (Surrealism) painter André Masson (Masson, André) and the Swiss artist Paul Klee (Klee, Paul). Kahnweiler became a French citizen in 1937, but he went into hiding at the beginning of World War II. His wife's sister, Louise Leiris, purchased his stock and business, renaming it Galerie Louise Leiris. After France was liberated, Kahnweiler served as a director of Galerie Louise Leiris until shortly before his death.

      In addition to writing several monographs on the artists with whom he was most familiar, Kahnweiler published his memoirs, Mes galeries et mes peintres (1961; “My Galleries and Painters”).

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