Duveneck, Frank

▪ American painter

born October 9, 1848, Covington, Kentucky, U.S.

died January 3, 1919, Cincinnati, Ohio

      U.S. painter, sculptor, and art teacher who helped awaken American interest in European naturalism.

      At age 21 Duveneck studied in Germany with Wilhelm Dietz at the Munich Academy and was greatly influenced by the works of Frans Hals (Hals, Frans), Rembrandt (Rembrandt van Rijn), and Peter Paul Rubens (Rubens, Peter Paul). His success was immediate, and in 1871 he won a medal from the Bavarian Royal Academy. Fellow artists and critics responded to his bold, vital brushstrokes and strong contrasts of light and dark. Two years later, he arranged his first solo exhibition in Munich, further establishing his international reputation.

      After returning to the United States in 1873 and settling in Cincinnati, Ohio, Duveneck burst upon the American scene with an exhibition in Boston in 1875. His work was characterized by dark, earthy colours and broad, painterly brushwork clearly reminiscent of the European masters Duveneck admired. Both the writer Henry James (James, Henry) and the artist William Morris Hunt (Hunt, William Morris) championed Duveneck's art. Although emboldened by this response, Duveneck returned to Munich and sent works to exhibitions in the United States.

      Many young American artists, including William Merritt Chase (Chase, William Merritt) and J. Frank Currier, studied under Duveneck in Munich and in Florence between 1878 and 1888 and in Cincinnati, where he was chairman of the art academy from 1903 until his death. The Cincinnati Art Museum owns the largest collection of his works.

Additional Reading

Robert Neuhaus, Unsuspected Genius: The Art and Life of Frank Duveneck (1987); Michael Quick, An American Painter Abroad: Frank Duveneck's European Years (1987).

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