Delage, Yves

▪ French zoologist

born May 13, 1854, Avignon, Fr.

died Oct. 7, 1920, Sceaux

      French zoologist known for his research and elucidation of invertebrate physiology and anatomy. He also discovered the equilibrium-stabilizing function of the semicircular canals in the inner ear (1886).

      Delage became a member of the zoology staff at the Sorbonne in 1880 and at Caen, Fr., in 1881; he became director of the zoological station at Luc in 1884, titular professor of zoology at the Sorbonne in 1886, and director of the marine zoological station at Roscoff in 1878 and 1902.

      Delage studied circulation in crustaceans, made important discoveries in the embryology of sponges (such as Sacculina), and investigated the nervous system of barnacles (Peltogaster) and flatworms (Convoluta). He developed a method for culturing sea urchin eggs following artificial fertilization by chemical means. Turning late in his career to more general problems of biology, he considered how life in individual organisms and species is manifested through cytoplasm, and he examined mechanical problems of the cell. He also became a strong proponent in France of the neo-Lamarckian view of heredity and evolution. His writings include La Structure du protoplasma, les théories sur l'hérédité et les grands problèmes de la biologie générale (1895; “The Structure of Protoplasm, the Theories of Heredity and the Great Problems of General Biology”), Traité de zoologie concrète, 6 vol. (1896–1903; “Treatise of Pure Zoology”), and Les Théories de l'évolution (1909; “The Theories of Evolution”) with Marie Goldsmith.

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