Churchyard, Thomas

▪ English writer

born c. 1520, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, Eng.

died 1604, London

      English writer who won brief fame through his occasional verse, pamphlets on wartime experiences, pageants for Queen Elizabeth I, and historical and antiquarian works—all reflecting aspects of a crowded career. His works have never been completely printed and are of only intermittent quality. Churchyard's earliest work was A Myrrour for Man (about 1552), reflections on the estate of man. His most important poem, "The Legend of Shore's Wife," was printed in the 1563 edition of A Mirror for Magistrates, a collection of verse laments by several authors. He is also thought to have authored lyrics in Tottel's Miscellany (1557).

      After serving in the household of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (Surrey, Henry Howard, Earl of), Churchyard became a mercenary, for 30 years fighting in almost every campaign in Scotland, Ireland, the Low Countries, and France under various banners. Later, at court, he devised pageants for Queen Elizabeth's progresses to Bristol (1574) and Norwich (1578), but a passage in his Generall rehearsall of warres (1579) offended Elizabeth, and Churchyard fled to Scotland. He was restored to favour about 1584 and received a small pension in 1593.

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