Chad, Saint

▪ English clergyman

also called  Ceadda 

died March 2, 672, Lichfield, Mercia, England; feast day, March 2

      monastic founder, abbot, and first bishop of Lichfield, who is credited with the Christianization of the ancient English kingdom of Mercia.

      With his brother St. Cedd, he was educated at the great abbey of Lindisfarne on Holy Island (off the coast of Northumbria) under its founder, Abbot St. Aidan, and later apparently studied with St. Egbert, a monk at the Irish monastery of Rathmelsigi. Cedd recalled Chad to England to assist in establishing the monastery of Laestingaeu (now Lastingham, North Yorkshire). Upon Cedd's death in 664, Chad succeeded him to become the second abbot of Laestingaeu, and, probably late in the same year, at the request of King Oswiu (Oswy) of Northumbria, he was consecrated bishop of the Northumbrians (with his see at York).

      An ecclesiastical dispute arose because St. Wilfrid (Wilfrid, Saint) had already been chosen bishop of York and had gone to Gaul for his consecration, a mix-up recorded in Venerable Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People (considered to be the best source for Chad's life). The issue remains confusing. When in 669 the new archbishop, St. Theodore of Canterbury (Theodore of Canterbury, Saint), arrived in England, he charged Chad with improper ordination. On Wilfrid's return in the same year, Chad resigned York and retired to Laestingaeu. Theodore, however, was so impressed with Chad's humility that when the bishop of Mercia died he asked King Oswiu to appoint Chad as the bishop's successor. The king approved, and Chad, having been reconsecrated by Theodore in 669, chose Lichfield, where he built a church and monastery, as the new seat of his diocese.

      During the last three years of his life, Chad founded a monastery in Lindsey, on land given him by King Wulfhere of Mercia. In the same area Chad supposedly founded another monastery, at Barrow-upon-Humber. He is noted as having conducted his apostolate zealously, traveling much on foot. He died of plague, and numerous miracles were reported as having taken place at his tomb. His relics, originally in the Cathedral of Lichfield, were saved by Roman Catholics during the Reformation and transferred to St. Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham.

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