Callinicus Of Heliopolis

Callinicus Of Heliopolis

▪ Greek architect
Callinicus also spelled  Kallinikos 
born AD 673

      architect who is credited with the invention of Greek fire, a highly incendiary liquid that was projected from “siphons” to enemy ships or troops and was almost impossible to extinguish.

      Born in Syria, Callinicus was a Jewish refugee who was forced to flee the Arabs to Constantinople. The ingredients of Greek fire were kept a state secret, known only by the Byzantine emperor and Callinicus' family, which manufactured it. The precise composition is still unknown, but it is generally accepted that it was a mixture of naphtha, pitch, sulfur, possibly saltpetre, and some unknown ingredients. First used in the Battle of Cyzicus (c. AD 673) by the Byzantines against a Saracen fleet off Constantinople, Greek fire proved to be instrumental in that Byzantine victory.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Callinicus — or Kallinikos ( ο Καλλίνικος in Greek) is a first name or surname for a male. The female name is a first name which is Kalliniki, Callinici or Callinica ( η Καλλινικί in Greek). It means in Greek ‘the great victor‘. Various persons bearing this… …   Wikipedia

  • Callinicus — (grec ancien : Καλλίνικος) est un architecte et inventeur syrien du VIIe siècle originaire, selon la Chronographie de Théophane, d Héliopolis (ancien nom de Baalbek) en Syrie. On lui prête l invention du feu grégeois vers 670, mais il a …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Kallinikos aus Heliopolis — Griechisches Feuer im Einsatz (Darstellung aus dem 12. Jahrhundert) Kallinikos von Heliopolis (griechisch Καλλίνικος, lateinisch Callinicus) war ein im 7. Jahrhundert lebender byzantinischer Architekt und Erfinder. Kallinikos …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Kallinikos von Heliopolis — Griechisches Feuer im Einsatz (Darstellung aus dem 12. Jahrhundert) Kallinikos von Heliopolis (griechisch Καλλίνικος, lateinisch Callinicus) war ein im 7. Jahrhundert lebender byzantinischer Architekt und Erfinder. Kallinikos war Grieche und …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Timeline of Lebanese history — This is a timeline of the main events in Lebanese history from Stone Age till present time.PrehistoryStone AgeNeolithic (7500 BC 4500 BC)Byblos, believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world, has remnants of prehistoric huts… …   Wikipedia

  • Flamethrower — A flamethrower is a mechanical device designed to project a long controllable stream of fire.Some flamethrowers project a stream of ignited flammable liquid; some project a long gas flame. Most military flamethrowers use liquids, but commercial… …   Wikipedia

  • List of Greeks — This is a list of Greek people. Actors/actressesAncient period*Metrobius *ThespisModern period*Alekos Alexandrakis *Criss Angel *Jennifer Aniston *Yannis Bezos *Michael Chiklis *Cybele *Georges Corraface *Jacques Damala *Rika Diallina *Lavrentis… …   Wikipedia

  • Byzantine–Arab Wars — Infobox Military Conflict caption=Greek fire, first used by the Byzantine Navy during the Byzantine Arab Wars. conflict=Byzantine Arab Wars partof=the Muslim conquests date=629 1180 place=Palestine, Syria, Egypt, North Africa, Anatolia, Crete,… …   Wikipedia

  • Siege of Constantinople (674) — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=First Arab Siege of Constantinople caption=The Theodosian Walls of Constantinople, which proved impregnable during the siege partof=the Byzantine Arab Wars date=674 678 place=Constantinople result=Byzantine… …   Wikipedia

  • List of Byzantine scientists — A list of Byzantine scientists. * Georgios Monachos (9th century) * Michael Psellus (1018 1078) * Michael Attaliates (11th century) * Anna Comnena (1083 1153) * Symeon Seth (11th century) * Nicephorus Blemmydes (1197 1272) * Al Khazini (fl. 1115… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”