Brautigan, Richard

▪ American author

in full  Richard Gary Brautigan  

born January 30, 1933, Tacoma, Washington, U.S.

died , before October 25, 1984, Bolinas, California

      American writer of pastoral, whimsical, often surreal works popular among readers in the counterculture of the 1960s and '70s.

      Brautigan had an unhappy childhood. He reported that his mother once abandoned him and his sister for several days at a hotel. In high school he exhibited antisocial behaviour and was arrested for breaking a police station window. Shortly afterward he was diagnosed as a paranoid schizophrenic, and he received electroshock therapy. After leaving the hospital, he moved to San Francisco, where he was befriended by writers such as Robert Duncan (Duncan, Robert) and Lawrence Ferlinghetti (Ferlinghetti, Lawrence).

      Brautigan's humorous first novel, A Confederate General from Big Sur (1964), deals in part with the agreement between the narrator and a drifter to believe in a Confederate general who is not to be found in the history books. His second novel, Trout Fishing in America (1967), a commentary on the state of nature in contemporary America, sold two million copies, and its title was adopted as the name of several American communes.

      Brautigan's novels are usually short and feature passive protagonists whose innocence shields them from the moral consequences of their actions. They struck a chord with the period's dropouts from the mainstream who were known as hippies and flower children. His later novels include In Watermelon Sugar and The Pill Versus the Springhill Mine Disaster (both 1968), The Abortion: An Historical Romance, 1966 (1971), The Hawkline Monster: A Gothic Western (1974), Dreaming of Babylon: A Private Eye Novel, 1942 (1977), The Tokyo-Montana Express (1979), and So the Wind Won't Blow It All Away (1982). Brautigan also published a short-story collection, Revenge of the Lawn: Stories, 1962–1970 (1971), and several poetry collections. His death was an apparent suicide brought on by divorce, drinking, and depression.

Additional Reading

Biographies and memoirs include Edward Halsey Foster, Richard Brautigan (1983); Keith Abbott, Downstream from Trout Fishing in America: A Memoir of Richard Brautigan (1989); and Ianthe Brautigan, You Can't Catch Death (2000), by his daughter. Also useful is John F. Barber, Richard Brautigan: An Annotated Bibliography (1990). Marc Chénetier, Richard Brautigan (1983), is a critical work by a French academic.

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