Banister, John

▪ English musician

born c. 1625, London, Eng.

died Oct. 3, 1679, London

      violinist and composer, a prominent musician of his day and organizer of the first public concerts in England.

      Banister learned the violin from his father and in 1660 joined the king's band of 24 violinists. After further training in France he became leader of a group of 12 court violinists and, later, of the 24. In 1667, after showing too much preference for English players, he was replaced by a French musician, Louis Grabu. The diarist Samuel Pepys recorded Banister's fury at this eclipse by foreign musicians, though he continued in the royal service.

      Banister gave the first of his daily public concerts on Dec. 30, 1672, at his own home, charging one shilling for admission. His compositions include instrumental music and songs for plays by John Dryden, William Wycherley, Thomas Shadwell, and other Restoration dramatists, as well as settings of four of Ariel's songs from Shadwell's adaptation of William Shakespeare's The Tempest.

      Banister's son John (d. 1725?) was also a violinist, in the service of Charles II, James II, William and Mary, and Anne.

* * *