Jeyaretnam, J(oshua) B(enjamin)

▪ 2009

      Singaporean lawyer and politician

born Jan. 5, 1926, Ceylon [now Sri Lanka]

died Sept. 30, 2008, Singapore

was a longtime critic of Singapore's authoritarian ruling People's Action Party (PAP) and the country's first opposition party MP (1981–86; 1997–2001). Jeyaretnam (commonly called JBJ) earned a law degree (1951) at University College, London. He practiced law in Singapore and served as chief of the Subordinate Judiciary, but he resigned in 1963. Jeyaretnam joined the opposition Workers' Party, rising to secretary-general in 1971. After a decade of attempts, he won a parliamentary by-election in 1981. He was reelected in 1984, but he was accused of corruption and stripped of his seat two years later. In the 1997 general election, the Workers' Party won enough votes to earn one nonconstituency seat, which was claimed by Jeyaretnam. Over the years he was repeatedly sued for libel and defamation by Prime Ministers Lee Kuan Yew (1959–90), Goh Chok Tong (1990–2004), and Lee Hsien Loong (from 2004) and other prominent PAP politicians. In 2001 Jeyaretnam declared bankruptcy and left the Workers' Party. He founded a new opposition Reform Party in April 2008.

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