Galston, Arthur William

▪ 2009

      American plant physiologist and bioethicist

born April 21, 1920, Brooklyn, N.Y.

died June 15, 2008, Hamden, Conn.

conducted research in the late 1950s into a powerful herbicide that later served as the basis for Agent Orange; Galston warned of the defoliant's toxicity to humans and the environment and eventually became a fierce proponent of bioethics. In 1970, after eight years of use as a defoliant in the Vietnam War, Agent Orange was finally discontinued in response to toxicological research conducted at the insistence of Galston and his colleagues. Galston studied botany at Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., and the University of Illinois (Ph.D., 1943). For a time (1951–55) he taught at the California Institute of Technology, but he spent most of his career on the faculty (1946–51, 1955–90) of Yale University, where he taught courses in bioethics, was a founder of the Interdisciplinary Center for Bioethics, and conducted significant research into the role of riboflavin in phototropism. He retired in 1990 as a professor emeritus, after which he taught introductory bioethics at Yale, both at the university itself and at its Institution for Social and Policy Studies. Galston published more than 320 scientific papers, at least 50 articles on public affairs, and textbooks on plant physiology and was the editor of bioethics anthologies.

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