Berdymukhammedov, Gurbanguly

▪ 2008

Gurbanguly Myliktulievich Berdymukhammedov 

born June 29, 1957, Babarab, Turkmenistan

 On Feb. 11, 2007, Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov was elected president of Turkmenistan, receiving 89.23% of the votes cast. The former health minister had served as acting president of the country following the sudden death on Dec. 21, 2006, of Saparmurat Niyazov.

      Berdymukhammedov was the grandson of a distinguished local schoolteacher. The future president graduated (1979) from the dental faculty of the Turkmen State Medical Institute and started work as a dentist in an Ashgabat clinic. By 1987 he had gradually increased his responsibilities and moved up professionally. He then studied therapeutic dentistry in Moscow for three years, returning to Ashgabat in 1990 to a teaching post at the Turkmen Medical Institute. In 1995 he moved to the Ministry of Health; two years later he was appointed minister of health, and in April 2001 he became deputy prime minister responsible for education, science, and health. Although Niyazov publicly criticized him in November 2003, Berdymukhammedov retained his ministerial post. When Berdymukhammedov was appointed acting president by Turkmenistan's Security Council, there was considerable surprise in the international community as well as in the country itself that a professional medical man would be tapped for the post. There was some speculation that the powerful Turkmen security services was more comfortable with a person widely perceived as politically weak. According to a recurring rumour in the Turkmen exile community, it was whispered that Berdymukhammedov was the illegitimate son of Niyazov.

      Immediately after Berdymukhammedov's accession to the presidency, the Turkmen exile community and many citizens hoped for a relaxation of the tight control exercised by Niyazov. There were some improvements: Berdymukhammedov restored the pensions abolished by his predecessor, eased restrictions on travel abroad, and reinstituted the 10th year of basic education that had been dropped on Niyazov's order. Berdymukhammedov continued to spend the country's income on grandiose construction projects, however, and building was scheduled to begin on a project announced in September for a new seaport and airport for the city of Turkmenbashi on the Caspian Sea. By late 2007 there was little sign that Berdymukhammedov was considering plans to initiate genuine political and economic reform that would lead to democratization of the country. In addition, some observers noted that he was having some of the ostentatious portraits of Niyazov, which were such a striking feature of the Ashgabat cityscape, replaced with portraits of himself. This led to speculation that the new president was imitating his predecessor and was launching his own personality cult.

Bess Brown

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▪ president of Turkmenistan

in full  Gurbanguly Myliktulievich Berdymukhammedov 

born June 29, 1957, Babarab, Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic [now Turkmenistan]

 

 Turkmen dentist and politician who became president of Turkmenistan in 2006.

      Berdymukhammedov was the grandson of a distinguished local schoolteacher. In 1979 he graduated from the dental faculty of the Turkmen State Medical Institute and started work as a dentist in an Ashgabat clinic. By 1987 he had gradually increased his responsibilities and moved up professionally. He then studied therapeutic dentistry in Moscow for three years, returning to Ashgabat in 1990 to a teaching post at the Turkmen Medical Institute. In 1995 he moved to the Ministry of Health. Two years later he was appointed minister of health, and in April 2001 he became deputy prime minister responsible for education, science, and health.

      Following the Dec. 21, 2006, death of Turkmen President Saparmurad Niyazov, Berdymukhammedov was named acting president by Turkmenistan's Security Council. The appointment surprised many in the international community as well as in the country itself. There was some speculation that the powerful Turkmen security service was more comfortable with a person widely perceived as politically weak. According to a recurring rumour in the Turkmen exile community, Berdymukhammedov was the illegitimate son of Niyazov. Such a relationship was possible given their age difference but was still considered unlikely.

      On Feb. 11, 2007, Berdymukhammedov was elected president after receiving nearly 90 percent of the votes cast. After he took office, the Turkmen exile community and many citizens hoped for a relaxation of the tight control exercised by Niyazov. There were some improvements: Berdymukhammedov restored the pensions abolished by his predecessor, eased restrictions on travel abroad, and reinstituted the 10th year of basic education that had been dropped on Niyazov's order. However, during his first year in office there was little sign that Berdymukhammedov would implement genuine political and economic reform that would lead to democratization of the country. By late 2007, observers had noted that he was having some of the portraits of Niyazov, which were such a striking feature of the Ashgabat cityscape, replaced with portraits of himself, leading to speculation that the new president was imitating his predecessor and launching his own personality cult. In addition, Berdymukhammedov continued his predecessor's grandiose construction projects, including one to build a new seaport and airport for the city of Turkmenbashi on the Caspian Sea.

Bess Brown

 

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