eighteen schools

eighteen schools
Divisions of Buddhism that arose in India in the three centuries after the death of the Buddha (с 483 BC).

The number of schools, or sects, was probably closer to 30 than 18. The first division in the Buddhist community occurred as a result of the second council, held at Vaishali in the 4th century BC, where differences among disciples over the nature of the Buddha gave rise to the school known as the Mahasanghikas. Other schools included the Sthaviravadins and their offshoots (3rd century BC), including the Theravadins (see Theravada).

* * *

      the division of the Buddhist community in India in the first three centuries following the death of the Buddha in c. 483 BC. Although texts speak of the “18 schools,” the lists differ considerably; and more than 30 names are mentioned in various chronicles.

      The first division in the Buddhist community occurred as a result of the second council, said to have been held 100 years after the Buddha's death, at Vaisali (Bihar state), when the Acariyavadins (followers of the traditional teaching) split away from the Sthaviravadins (followers of the Way of the Elders) and formed their own school, known as the Mahasanghikas (Mahāsaṅghika). The Mahasanghikas's views on the nature of the Buddha and the arhat (“saint”) foreshadowed the development of the Mahayana form of Buddhism. Further subdivisions of the Mahasanghikas over the next seven centuries included the Lokottaravadins, the Ekavyavaharikas, and the Kaukkutikas.

      A subdivision within the Sthaviravadins emerged in the 3rd century BC, when the Sarvastivadins (followers of the Doctrine That All Is Real) broke away from the Vibhajyavadins (Those Who Make Distinctions). Other prominent offshoots of the Sthaviravadins were the Sammatiyas and the Vatsiputriyas, both known for their theory of pudgala (“person”); the Sautrantikas, who recognized the authority of the sutras (words of the Buddha) but not of the Abhidharma, the more schematic part of the canon; the Mahisasakas and the Dharmaguptas, whose names probably reflect their place of origin and founding teacher; and the Theravadins (Theravada) (Pali form of Sthaviravadins), the school that traveled to Sri Lanka and gave origin to the modern Theravadins, now prevalent in Sri Lanka, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, and Cambodia.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Schools — • History and development of education as related to the church Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Schools     Schools     † …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Early Buddhist schools — The Early Buddhist schools are those schools into which, according to most scholars, the Buddhist monastic Sangha initially split, due originally to differences in Vinaya, and later also due to doctrinal differences and geographical separateness… …   Wikipedia

  • Hamilton Southeastern Schools — (HSES) Type and location Type Public Grades K 12 Region Central Indiana Hamilton County Country United States Location …   Wikipedia

  • List of schools in Taipei — Schools located in Taipai, TaiwanInternational High Schools*Dominican International School *Taipei American School *Taipei Japanese School *Taipei European SchoolUniversitiesTaipei currently has eighteen universities: *National Taiwan University… …   Wikipedia

  • Convent Schools (Great Britain) — • Convent education is treated here not historically but as it is at the present day (Article written in 1908.) Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Convent Schools (Great Britain)     Convent Schools (Great Br …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Indianapolis Public Schools — Indianapolis Public Schools, abbreviated locally as IPS, is the largest school district in Indianapolis as well as in the state of Indiana with nearly 35,000 students. [cite web |url=http://www.about.ips.k12.in.us/|format=HTML | accessdate=2007… …   Wikipedia

  • Association of Christian Schools International — infobox Organization name = Association of Christian Schools International image border = size = caption = msize = mcaption = abbreviation = ACSI motto = formation = extinction = type = Non governmental organization status = purpose = Educational …   Wikipedia

  • Connacht Schools Rugby Senior Cup — The Connacht School s Rugby Senior Cup is an annual rugby union competition for secondary schools affiliated to the Connacht Rugby Branch of the IRFU. Boys, usually of seventeen or eighteen years of age, compete for the Cup with rival schools… …   Wikipedia

  • Braintree Public Schools — The Braintree Public School department, located in Braintree, Massachusetts, includes Hollis Elementary School, Donald Ross Elementary School, Archie T. Morrison Elementary School, Liberty Elementary School, Mary E. Flaherty Elementary School… …   Wikipedia

  • BUDDHIST SCHOOLS OF THOUGHT —    the first major division in the SAGHA is traditionally connected with the Council of Vail approximately 100 years after death of the BUDDHA (383 BC). Disagreement arose concerning degree of strictness with which monastic discipline was to be… …   Concise dictionary of Religion

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”