Wahhāb, Muḥammad ibn {ʽ}Abd al-
- Wahhāb, Muḥammad ibn {ʽ}Abd al-
-
born 1703, ʽUyaynah, Arabia
died 1792, Al-Dirʽīyah
Islamic theologian and founder of the Wahhābī movement.
Educated in Medina, he spent several years teaching in Iraq and Iran. He reacted against what he perceived as the extremism of various sects of
Sufism, setting out his ideas in the
Book of Unity (1736). He stressed a conservative observation of Islam, rejecting polytheism and condemning reverence of saints and the decoration of mosques. His views were controversial; eventually he settled in Nejd, where, in alliance with Ibn Saūd, his teachings found favour and grew dominant.
* * *
Universalium.
2010.
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