Sakharov, Andrey (Dmitriyevich)
- Sakharov, Andrey (Dmitriyevich)
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died Dec. 14, 1989, Moscow
Russian nuclear physicist and human rights advocate.
He worked with I.Y. Tamm (1895–1971) to develop the Soviet Union's first hydrogen bomb, but in 1961 he opposed Nikita Khrushchev's plan to test a 100-megaton hydrogen bomb in the atmosphere. In 1968 he published in the West "Progress, Coexistence, and Intellectual Freedom," which called for nuclear arms reduction and criticized Soviet repression of dissidents. He and his wife, Yelena G. Bonner, continued to advocate civil liberties and reform in the Soviet Union. In 1975 Sakharov received the Nobel Prize for Peace but was forbidden to travel to Oslo to receive it. In 1980 he was exiled to the closed city Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod); his wife was exiled there in 1984. They were released in 1986 and returned to Moscow. Elected to the Congress of People's Deputies in April 1989, Sakharov had his honours restored and saw many of the causes for which he had fought and suffered become official policy under Mikhail Gorbachev.
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Universalium.
2010.
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Sakharov, Andrey Dmitriyevich — ▪ Soviet physicist and dissident born May 21, 1921, Moscow, Russia died Dec. 14, 1989, Moscow Soviet nuclear theoretical physicist, an outspoken advocate of human rights, civil liberties, and reform in the Soviet Union as well as rapprochement… … Universalium
Dmitriyevich — (as used in expressions) Kondratev Nikolay Dmitriyevich Sakharov Andrey Dmitriyevich Sazonov Sergey Dmitriyevich Shostakovich Dmitry Dmitriyevich Vasily Dmitriyevich * * * … Universalium
Andrey — (as used in expressions) Gromyko Andrey Andreyevich Sakharov Andrey Dmitriyevich Tarkovsky Andrey Arsenyevich Voznesensky Andrey Andreyevich Vyshinsky Andrey Yanuaryevich Zhdanov Andrey Aleksandrovich * * * … Universalium
Sakharov — biographical name Andrey Dmitriyevich 1921 1989 Russian physicist … New Collegiate Dictionary
Andrei Sakharov — Infobox Scientist name = Andrei Sakharov Андрей Сахаров box width = 300px image width = 160px caption = Andrei Sakharov, 1943 birth date = birth date|1921|5|21 birth place = Moscow, USSR death date = death date and age|1989|12|14|1921|5|21 death… … Wikipedia
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nuclear weapon — an explosive device whose destructive potential derives from the release of energy that accompanies the splitting or combining of atomic nuclei. [1945 50] * * * or atomic weapon or thermonuclear weapon Bomb or other warhead that derives its force … Universalium
KGB — the intelligence and internal security agency of the former Soviet Union, organized in 1954 and responsible for enforcement of security regulations, protection of political leaders, the guarding of borders, and clandestine operations abroad. Also … Universalium
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Tamm, Igor Yevgenyevich — ▪ Soviet physicist born July 8 [June 26, Old Style], 1895, Vladivostok, Siberia, Russia died April 12, 1971, Moscow, Russia, Soviet Union Soviet physicist who shared the 1958 Nobel Prize for Physics with Pavel A. Cherenkov (Cherenkov, Pavel… … Universalium
