Chaumette, Pierre-Gaspard

Chaumette, Pierre-Gaspard
born May 24, 1763, Nevers, France
died April 13, 1794, Paris

French Revolutionary leader.

In 1791 he signed the petition that demanded the abdication of Louis XVI. As procurator-general of the Paris Commune from 1792, he instituted such social reforms as improved hospital conditions. Strenuously anti-Catholic and a misogynist, he promoted the anti-Christian cult of the goddess Reason and banned women's participation in political demonstrations. He was executed during the Reign of Terror because of his democratic extremism.

* * *

▪ French revolutionary
born May 24, 1763, Nevers, France
died April 13, 1794, Paris
 French Revolutionary leader, social reformer, and promoter of the anti-Christian cult of the goddess Reason. He was put to death by the Revolutionary tribunal because of his democratic extremism.

      Chaumette went to sea as a cabin boy, studied botany, traveled widely in France, and then settled in Paris as a medical student by 1790. As an active Revolutionary he signed the petition (July 17, 1791) that demanded the abdication of Louis XVI. From December 1792 he was procurator-general of the Paris Commune, in which capacity he improved conditions in the hospitals; organized decent burial for the poor; and forbade whipping in the schools, prostitution, obscene publications, and lotteries.

      Strenuously anti-Catholic, he organized the first ceremony of the worship of Reason (personified by an actress) in Notre-Dame Cathedral (November 10, 1793). His order to close the Paris churches (November 23, 1793) remained effective despite the attempted intervention of Maximilien Robespierre. Also that month Chaumette persuaded the Commune to ban women's participation in political debates and demonstrations, while denouncing such actions as contrary to nature. His antipathy to the Girondins may have caused the leaders of the Reign of Terror to fear him as a potential leader of the sansculottes (lowest classes). Although he had not aided the advocate of sansculotte insurrection, Jacques-René Hébert, Chaumette was arrested and executed after the Hébertists were suppressed in March 1794.

* * *


Universalium. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Chaumette, Pierre-Gaspard — (1763 1794)    revolutionary    Born in Nevers, Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, during the revolution of 1789, became a member of the cordelier s club and legal adviser for the insurrectionist Commune of Paris (1792). He took part in the September… …   France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present

  • Chaumette, Pierre-Gaspard — (24 may. 1763, Nevers, Francia–13 abr. 1794, París). Líder revolucionario francés. En 1791 firmó la petición que exigía la abdicación de Luis XVI. Como procurador general de la comuna de París desde 1792, estableció reformas sociales tales como… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • CHAUMETTE, PIERRE GASPARD —    a violent member of the extreme party in the French Revolution, could recognise the suspect from the very face of them ; provoked the disgust of even Robespierre, and was arrested amid jeers and guillotined (1763 1794) …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Pierre Gaspard Chaumette — Born 24 May 1763 Nevers …   Wikipedia

  • Pierre Gaspard Chaumette — (* 24. Mai 1763 in Nevers, Frankreich; † 24. März 1794 in Paris) war ein einflussreicher Politiker während der Französischen Revolution. Pierre Gaspard Chaumette war der Sohn eines Schuhmachers, bei dem er zuerst auch arbeitete; anschließend fuhr …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pierre-Gaspard Chaumette — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, (Anaxagoras), nació el 23 de mayo de 1763, en Nevers; murió el 13 de abril de 1794, en París. Revolucionario francés. Hijo de un zapatero, tuvo una infancia difícil …   Wikipedia Español

  • Pierre-gaspard chaumette — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Chaumette. Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Pierre Gaspard Chaumette dit Anaxagoras, né à Nevers …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pierre Gaspard Chaumette — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Chaumette. Pierre Gaspard Chaumette Pierre Gaspard Chaumette dit Anaxagoras, né à Nevers …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Pierre-Gaspard Chaumette — (* 24. Mai 1763 in Nevers, Frankreich; † 24. März 1794 in Paris) war ein einflussreicher Politiker während der Französischen Revolution. Leben Pierre Gaspard Chaumette war der Sohn eines Schuhmachers, bei dem er zuerst auch arbeitete;… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pierre-Gaspard Chaumette — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Chaumette. Pierre Gaspard Chaumette. Portrait par François Séraphin Delpech …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”